Amartya sen: The CAPABILITY APPROACH

Amartya Sen’s -The Capability Approach

Life is full of surprise and miracles. The struggles of life teaches you a path but doesn’t define your qualities. Have you felt down for anything? Do you ever felt you are only reason for all your problems? Are you proud of what you’re doing or what you’ve done? Do you estimated your capabilities? Spare some time and answer to the questions. It will definitely define your capabilities of raising successful when others say you can’t.

What is Capability?
A capability is something a person is able to do . ( Capability defines for objects also). Let us take one example to explain capability
How the capability of students being tested in Foreign countries?
The indicating factors are life, body health, Integrity, senses, Imagination, Thoughts, Emotions, Practical Reasons ,Play and control over environment in which they are connected with core values of respect , caring ,fairness and their citizenship hence the schools believe when kids are kids as you can help them be the best they can be ,hopefully it turns out more capable.

Origin of capability approach
The capability approach was first articulated by the Indian Economist and philosopher Amartya Sen in 1980’s. Amartya
Sen contributed in the field of welfare economics, social choice theory, Development economy.Amartya Sen was looking for a practical approach of justice which is capable of elimination of all kinds of injustice in society. It is, for this reason, Amartya Sen develops a capability approach as a unique tool for evaluating issues like poverty, well beings, development, justice, equality, etc.

Amartya sen’s Capability Approach:
He is main aim is to exclude from all the traditional approaches to the economics of welfare. The main focus of this approach is on what individuals are able to do( I.e capable)

The Capability Approach focuses on purposeful capabilities of individuals, such as the ability to participate in economic transactions or to engage in political activity etc. Amartya Sen was of the opinion that an individual could be stripped of such capabilities for various reasons, such as government oppression, ignorance, lack of financial resources, etc.

Amartya Sen uses the example of bicycle here. If you send a bicycle to a person who is disabled you haven’t improved the capacity of that person ,if the disabled person didn’t have capacity to ride a bicycle. This is to abstract the philosophy on concrete levels.

Conclusion
To all those above questions you have questioned yourself well, the answer should be determined by the development, justice , wellbeing, equality within yourself.According to Amartya Sen’s capability approach individuals should have the liberty to be able to make choices for the improvement of the quality of life by removing any problems that stands in the way of expanding their abilities. Develop the moral significance in you which builds up your capabilities results in a valuable life of a person. Don’t limit yourself to someone’s else opinion of your capabilities be you ,dream ,plan, excute.

Digital Learning Vs Classroom Learning andits functioning in the times of Corona.

Traditional Classroom Learning, of course can not be replaced but Digital Learning, I feel, has proved out to be a boon in disguise especially in these times of Covid 19. If the concept of Digital Education had not been introduced long before then there would have been a complete hault in the process of shaping the intellect of students through academics.
Moreover, I reckon that Digital Education is a much better version of Classroom Education since students, especially in the younger grades, often mistake studies to be a burden since they are not exposed ,that seriously, to the idea of career-building yet. Hence, they deliberately lag behind when it comes to adopting a serious attitude in the higher grades. On the other hand if Digital Education is introduced early on in their lives, then they get fantasized with the illustrations, cartoon-voices, colourful theme etc which only draws them more towards studies and seems far more interesting than a black and white themed Classroom Education. Also, things when depicted through visuals tend to stick by much longer in the human brain than bookish texts.

Now talking about the senior lot, Digital Education has helped the students massively. The vast courses available online permit students to go for self-paced i.e flexible learning. They can understand the dimensions of a particular topic as per their own speed of grasping and can repeat a particular lecture multiple times. It also makes students acclimated to the idea of using technology the right way towards their best interest.
It is also a major boost for widening the scopes of teachers as they could never use technology in these complex yet enhancing ways during their years but now they are all also becoming used to and not only learning but also appreciating it. This accentuates that learning never stops and so doesn’t the advancement of technology.
However, just like a coin has two sides, Digital Learning also comes with its own sets of pros and cons. The pros have already been discussed so now let’s take a deeper insight into the cons i.e the demerits, I personally observed in the present scenario of the pandemic.
Online lectures, these days, are conducted through apps like Zoom in most schools, including my college.

Apps like Zoom which are of Chinese origin allow students to close the application without actually exiting from the ongoing lecture so their teachers kind of mistake them to be still attending the lecture while they are actually surfing through social media platforms or busy playing games like PUBG. Students can also watch their lectures while keeping the microphones muted. Now does that make any sense? What is the use of watching the lecture when you just can’t even hear the teacher and you’re watching some movie in the meantime.
So, I don’t think digital learning has been able to generate a fruitful result as far as the academics and portion completion in lockdown is concerned for students of higher grades, since they are very smart. Schools and officials need to reconsider the thought of spreading education through this means and should consider other better options like Google meet in which you can’t press the back button and exit the lecture just like that.

The Gamechangers are the Brandmakers

“Dhoni finishes off in style. A magnificent strike into the crowd! India lift the World Cup after 28 years!” screamed Ravi Shastri on Air on April 2 nd 2011. Every Indian cricket fans would feel the nail biting situation in their life Hence there comes our hero gamechangers decides the winning or declining of the match.

Every morning the sun rises up in the East and sets in West. Like 1000+ of emerging and disappearing companies everyday .
How to strengthen up the purpose of your business in the huge marketing minds and to build a strong bond to influence customers to you.

Yes, Branding is the key to unlock the identity of your dreams, your hardwork, your ideas and to mark your position in the marketing minds.

Brand Experience
A cyclical movement of a Promise and a Proof to your own business creates a Branding Experiences. The loyalty between the customers ensure the product to another person where it creates a branding Experiences to the businessman.
Branding experience is a type of experiential marketing that incorporates a holistic set of conditions created by a company to influence the feeling a customer has about a particular product or company name- Ref. Margaret Rose
Customers view on Brand names their tagline speaks more about the product. Meanwhile the attributes of that company provides the framework for their products and it takes a major part in branding. The catchy slogans, logos, newsletters, brand ambassadors, discounts ,online presence on social media and Advertisements should make a unique path for Brands.

Celebrate the joy of happiness🙂
The Emotional Connect of Indians which is the branding pattern of the Cadbury sweets in Indian markets. The Cadbury strategically occupied the occasions of consumption like Diwali, Christmas , valentine’s day, Friendship day and to all those sweet and sad moments of our life to begin with their Cadbury product and it also attracted by all the age groups. Hence Cadbury is now trusted chocolate brand in all over the country.
For many years now, Cadbury Diary Milk has represented a plethora of emotions, from shared values such as family togetherness, to shared good feeling and collective joy.
In today’s fast paced world, most of us tend to overlook the goodness and kindness inherent in us. As a brand , we wanted to shine the spotlight on these spontaneous little acts, celebrate them and the wonderful human connections says Mr.Anil Viswanathan to Economic Times. Cadbury also holds the campaign was customised to suit regional sensibilities and culture specific campaigns like Cadbury Mishti in West Bengal and Cadbury sweet kondattam in Tamilnadu.

The Postive Game move
Cadbury followed the game strategy of spreading the positivity through the emotional connect to Indians. Till now Cadbury is the most popularised brand in India . Design your brand, spread up the positivity of your products through the catchy lines, hashtag, trends , Advertisements in social media and so on be the game changer, hero of the war field in your unique way.
” Your brand is what other people say, about you when you’re not in the room ” says Mr. Jeff Bezos, Amazon CEO

Dharshini N

Mental Health: Children, Young People, and Families

Mental health is a widely overlooked aspect of a person’s health. People don’t consider it as important as their physical health, mostly because the injuries are not visible. However, they often forget that the signs are always there. Mental health problems are often directly proportional to the day-to-day happenings in our lives. Most mental health problems start developing at a very young age, but parents often ignore the warning signs. At such an impressionable age, children need to be taught about their mental well being too. It is imperative that we address the issue of mental health among children, young people, and families.

Children and Young People

It is seen many-a-times that the physical needs of a child are obvious, but his or her mental needs may be neglected. Even when the red flags are identified, there is a stigma associated with mental illness.

Some problems that children suffer from are ADHD, autism, anxiety, anorexia (eating disorder), depression, and bipolar disorder. Warning signs include intense mood swings, self-harm, substance abuse, sudden appetite loss, fidgeting, and continuous nightmares.

A few suggestions to nurture a child or adolescent’s mental health could include talking to them about their day; asking them if they are facing any problems at school. This strengthens your bond with them and they start trusting you more. As a parent, make sure that your ward eats a healthy and balanced diet, is physically fit, and takes part in outdoor activities.

Provide children with a healthy environment at home; a child should feel secure in his surroundings. Help them build their self-esteem and confidence while talking to them. Encourage their first steps towards new interests. This would enable them to open up more and express their feelings and doubts. And most importantly, don’t condemn them when they do something wrong. Instead, let them know their mistake and work together to improve it.

Families

It is obvious that an individual’s mental health problems will have consequences for others within his social networks and most importantly his family. When it comes to mental illness, the emotional and behavioral consequences for family members go largely ignored along with having a huge impact on their financial component.

Family life often becomes unsettled and unpredictable as the needs of the ill become paramount day by day. The afflicted often feels that he’s isolating those close to him. Children may find it difficult to understand why their parent is not his/her usual self. Therefore, many tend to blame themselves and grow up feeling abandoned, lonely, and isolated.

In case a family member suffers from a mental health problem, you should not let him feel dismissed and disregarded. Instead, you could try to understand what he is going through, his inner turmoil, and try to help him cope with that. Children need special care at this time as they are perplexed by the happenings in their lives.

You should try to mend the broken relations, leave the toxic people in your lives behind, and create a positive impact on others’ lives.

Image Courtesy: Google

E-learning: A boon or bane?

E-learning, which literally means, ‘electronic’ learning has received a sudden market-boost since the coronavirus outbreak. Digitalisation has been ongoing for quite some time, but the pandemic seems to have heralded it.

The digital coaching institutes which were earlier restricted to a few brand names, have now grown into a vast network. Many regular educational institutions have switched to e-learning temporarily. But is online learning reliable as a permanent source of knowledge? Are we ready to modernise our system, or is e-learning not a substitute for traditional classrooms?

Let’s find out.

Schools offer twin development commitment: Academic and Characteristic. While e-learning modifies the pedagogy and makes learning more visual and digitally enabled, the students somehow miss out on social interactions and collaborative activities. It doesn’t seem to be very convincing on the characteristic development front of a student. Yet, it has an edge over traditional classrooms. How?

Let’s break this down into boons and banes of online learning.

Boons

Anything you need to learn is a search away-

The beauty of digital learning is that anyone can learn anything, at any place. There are no boundaries or restrictions. Every curiosity of yours has an answer.

Less resource input and economically feasible –

For online learning, a physical set up of a classroom is not required. This makes the platform open for any teacher or even an ordinary person who wishes to teach. With less input cost, the cost of education ultimately lowers.

Certificate and skill courses for better employment opportunities-

Digitally you can pursue any course of your interest at any time, regardless of your age. When qualifications become a barrier in your professional life, you can always have a chance to enhance them digitally, even when it’s not possible physically.

Flexible study timings-

Flexible timings make e-learning accessible for everyone according to their routine, which ensures seamless learning.

Real-time interactive classes-

Live classes assure a healthy interaction between the tutor and the learner. Any query or confusion could be put up by the student without any embarrassment or fear.

Reduced school crimes-

Crimes we often hear about like sexual harassment, physical harassment, bullying, body shaming by seniors, teachers or classmates would be reduced to their minimal.

With no physical interaction, it would be almost impossible for these crimes to emerge if the student has the right cyber knowledge.

Banes

Social ineffectiveness – When classrooms enter a room and are confined to a mobile screen, the student doesn’t get to interact with anyone physically. Gradually when they move out, they’d realise how the world is more nerve racking than their bedrooms. Social infectiveness would be a major impediment in not only their professional life but also in regular living.

Unskilled scholars- As weird as it sounds, if we enforce a digital system permanently, we’d soon be producing dumb-scholars, with no team working skills, extra curricular abilities, patience and communication skills. That would be like hatching a scholar chick out of his/her house who is in fact a grown up chicken and needs to live like one.

Unpunctuality and lethargy- With everything served in their rooms and no one to keep a surveillance on, the learners would be rather lethargic and slothful. Their work would be left incomplete and if they do it, it would be done at the eleventh hour. They’d lose the value of knowledge if everything is readily available.

Post Graduation Opportunities In Australia

The world is your oyster! The world is yours to conquer after you complete your graduation in Australia. There are plenty of routes one can take to enhance their career or to settle down. Once graduation is complete, the students can apply for further studies to enhance their knowledge and creative pursuits. Like a candy shop for students, there are several post-graduate courses and diplomas available in various universities across Australia that a student can choose from.

There are various Visas that students can apply for. There is the attractive Temporary Graduate Visa (Subclass 485) that students can apply for to stay longer(18 months) in the country to work and hone their skills and get work experience and eventually get a permanent residency. The 402 Training and Research Visa for students allow them to enhance and improve their skills for two years under the guidance of the employer. The 487 Regional Sponsored Visa leads to permanent residency with work for 3 years. There are other Visas like the 885, 886 and 887 Visa which allows permanent residency too.

There are various top-class universities in Australia that students can choose to do their post-graduate studies. The top 5 Universities in Australia according to QS World University Rankings are -:
1) University of Melbourne
2) Australian National University
3) University of Sydney
4) University of Queensland
5) UNSW Sydney

There are varying Master’s degrees for those who wish to continue with their academic studies.
1) Traditional Masters- This is the traditional form of Masters which allows students to study the subject of their choice in more details. This generally paves the way to research.

2) “Change of direction Masters” -This is for students who want to gain information and study a new field which is different from their field of study in graduation.

3) “Professional development Masters”- This allows students to have a more comprehensive understanding of their field through training. For example, a teacher can enhance his/her skills by opting for Education management.

The various postgraduate programmes in Australia can cost the student anywhere between AUD $22,000 and AUD $50,000 per year (USD $15,100-34,305) for overseas students. However, like Universities around the world, different courses have different fees. A MA in Arts and Humanities will cost less while a course in Science will cost more.

Barring academics, students can opt to work in a field of their choice where the employer may keep the employees via Employer Nomination Scheme Visa and then they can stay in Australia for as long as they keep working under the employer. Students can also decide to take a break from academics and work and travel the country. The students can apply for the Tourist visa which allows international students to stay in the country for either three, six or twelve months. Australia has a lot of scenic tourist spots such as the Sydney Opera House, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, Sydney Harbour Bridge, Blue Mountains National Park, Bondi Beach to name a few which is a pleasure for the senses.

Australia, the largest country in Oceania offers a lot of opportunities for students to pursue post their graduation. It is up to the students to decide the direction they want to take. They can also decide to return back to their own country as a graduate degree from Australia is invaluable in any country and commands respect.

KEEP BREATHING

“If you want, You can talk with me……from yesterday all are giving status and send messages to their friends family that if you want to share something, express yourself. I feel so good that my friends and family care for me. I think we should be express our feelings with ourselves and of course with near ones. We all have different lifestyles, different kinds of problems in our life. It’s really a blessing you have someone who really listens to you. But I notice sometimes when I need people to talk, they are not there for some of their issues. I am not complaining about that every person has his or her own Life. So I just want to tell you that when you are feeling alone just spending time with your self, you can do the things you like, cooking, drawing, listening to music, exercise, a little walk, reading books. I really prefer drawing colors really make me happy, don’t be sad, cheer up yourself, tell your self YOU CAN DO

**Make yourself happy, Do the Things you like**

There is some situation came when we avoid people as we don’t want to, on that we really need to cheer up ourselves and should spend time with our friends and families as sometimes things are getting better just spending time with some special people in our life, life is for express. So don’t miss the opportunity to spend time with your old friends, families .

**Little chitchat, hanging out with friends and family really freshen up our mood**

If you really feel depressed, you feel something wrong with yourself you feel uneasy, uncomfortable, wrong thoughts coming to your mind please get treatment contact with a psychiatrist, doesn’t avoid it, Mental health really an important thing.

Don’t take pressure too much, life is not only all about success and failure,

The first step: Building blocks of life

An atmosphere of happiness gets created when a new life takes shape. When you entered the world, you had no sense about yourself. You may have cried several times to express when you wanted something. Slowly as you grew, you started saying chunks of words, gradually crawling and finally learn to walk. This succession couldn’t be determined and taught in advance. Everything takes time.

Some alphabet are written on the board. — The first letters of the alphabet.

Similarly, when you go to school first time and till graduation and further, that journey is a long way to go. This stage of life is where your proper education starts. Starting from learning alphabets but in different languages as the curriculum is diverse across the world. Every parent wishes that their child gets the best school to seek a good job and secure their future generation in a better way. Do anyone think about being a better human, unknowingly these are gained through what we learn and observe things around us.

The kids are drawing. — The kids are learning to draw objects.

The problem is that everyone in the world doesn’t have the same capabilities like in terms of money, maybe a person is willing to study but don’t have proper financial support, their dream comes to an end. Although there are scholarships, not everyone has adequate knowledge of how to gain, or else those money goes in the wrong hand and that’s where the corruption starts. There are numerous reasons like the person is not willing to study a particular subject. They have to learn it forcefully, leading to depression, bad academic results, lack confidence, low self-esteem, and much more. This situation happens because, in some countries, they follow an old education policy, rarely updated, and there is no freedom to choose subjects electively. Not everyone likes to become a doctor or an engineer in the future. One may wish for something that the person likes, but the society fears by conveying that the particular field has no scope in the future.

There are many more problems related to education, like in schools, there is not even a proper student to teacher ratio maintained, no adequate infrastructure due to improper funding. No digitalization due to which the students rely on the book knowledge and ends up there. There are public libraries that do offer books and also allow them to access the internet, but this model is not visible everywhere. In this patriarchal society, not only these but also problems are there with the mentality of their parents. Like where they think a girl shouldn’t pursue higher education as they will have to work one day at someone else’s houses or don’t allow their children to study as they are their sole supporters. No one else is there to look after them.

An open corridor. — A doorway in a school

Remote education and distant learning may solve these problems, but we need to find these group of people who actually require help and then voluntarily study in the future. There are children in rural areas who can’t access these facilities. We need to reach and also improvise our current education curriculum so that the employment rate decrease and one can stand on itself and employ others for their work.

Evaluation of Indian Architecture

Art, design, creativity, innovation, Music, dance, culture, and heritage is the Identity of INDIA. When we look back at our history of architecture we can understand why It’s Our pride. British, Dutch, Portuguese, Mughal, French foreign forces came to India and Buddhism, Jainism and other religions came here and spread their culture. That’s why Indian architecture is the fusion of a different kind of architectural style and tradition.

The History of India begins with the birth of the Indus Valley Civilization,(2600 BCE – 1900 BCE) The Indus Valley Civilization covered a large area around the Indus River basin and beyond in late Bronze Age India. The civic and town planning and engineering aspects of these are remarkable, There are granaries, drains, water-courses and tanks, but neither palaces nor temples have been identified, though cities have a central raised and fortified “citadel”. Around the 2000 year ago India had Smart cities Like Harappa, Lothal, Mohenjo-Daro

**Indus Valley Civilisation** source of the pictures GOOGLE

After the Indus Valley Civilization, there are few traces of Indian architecture, which probably mostly used wood, or brick which has been recycled,

Probably around 400 BCE Indian rock-cut architecture, mostly Buddhist, and there are also a number of Buddhist images that give very useful information.

Buddhist construction of monastic buildings apparently begins before the death of Buddha.

The Great Stupa at Sanchi is one of the oldest stone structures in India, and an important monument of Indian Architecture. It was originally commissioned by the emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE. Its nucleus was a simple hemispherical brick structure built over the relics of the Buddha

**Sanchi Stupa** **is a Buddhist complex, famous for its Great Stupa, on a hilltop at Sanchi Town in Raisen District of the State of Madhya Pradesh**,

Temple Architecture was a gradual evolution starting from the rock cut- cave temples to monolithic rathas which finally culminated in structural temples

The middle period saw great developments in the field of architecture. With the coming of Muslims to India, many new features came to be introduced in buildings. The development of the Muslim Style of Architecture of this period can be called the Indo-Islamic Architecture or the Indian Architecture influenced by Islamic Art. The Indo-Islamic style was neither strictly Islamic nor strictly Hindu, One of the best architectural traditional style

**The Taj Mahal**, **one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world’s heritage.**

With colonization, a new chapter in Indian architecture began. The Dutch, Portuguese and the French made their presence felt through their buildings but it was the English who had a lasting impact on Colonial architecture.

The **Victoria Memorial** is a large marble building in **Kolkata, West Bengal, India,** which was built between 1906 and 1921

Now we are living in the 21st-century style, traditional, plan structure changed, modified but these architectures are immortal and inspiring generation after generation.

From Indus Valley to eco-friendly plan creativity, hard work, ideas, style tradition makes our country beautiful.

Taking notes or making notes

Do you remember when we were kids our parents always instruct us one stuff write down all the tasks that teacher taught during class. That written down task is called Notes. During school, college, and even in professional life notes taking a very important part. Especially when we are student notes are like our life Savior before the exam. I think approx Every student faced this situation one time in life 1 Or 2days before the exam we tried to read books, but there are so many things written, we don’t have enough time to read at that time we take the help of notes. For me, notes are like searching for keywords.

1.We take note when we attending lectures, classes, or meetings, we are listening about so many topics, matter. If we write down some important points issues from the lectures it helps us to identify the key ideas, the structure of the presentations.

2.organized notes also make it easier for us to link classroom learning to textbook readings.

4. Engage our minds. Note-taking keeps our body active and involved and helps us avoid feelings of drowsiness or distraction.

***Farhan, Rancho, Raju should take notes 😆😆😆😆***

Note-making is very important as it involves us in the learning process. And whenever we read something we have to write down important points as we cannot hold them on the mind.
Making notes allows us to reduce the information into a manageable size.
when we make notes we try to describe the thing with our own words, it’s helpful to think and understand the subject.

Taking notes and making notes both are equally important in the process of learning

So listen, understand, write, and grow your knowledge.

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