Tag Archives: Economics

Culture and History, News, Science and Technology

Quad to become Quad plus

Theme

On 12th march 2021, India, the USA, Australia and Japan conducted the first ever summit to discuss regional and global challenges. Till now there were only semi-regular meeting.

What is Quad?

  • India, Australia, the USA & Japan came together to collaborate in relief efforts after the Indian Ocean earthquake and Tsunami in 2004. This Tsunami core group formed ‘Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad)’ in 2007.
  • The primary objective of Quad nations is to ensure a free and open Indo-pacific region, which is increasingly being misused by China to its advantage. Quad nations conducted their largest joint naval exercises in 2020.
  • Quad is informally called ‘Asian NATO‘ since it has the scope to become a powerful coalition just like NATO in Europe and North American countries.

Benefits of Quad:

  • Collaboration in defence, maritime security, counterterrorism, and information exchange is highly beneficial to all the Quad nations.
  • Many countries in the world are importing raw materials and goods from China and hence suffered a lot in the pandemic time due to broken supply chains. At present, all the Quad nations have trade relations with China. Quad is a great opportunity to diversify supply chains to reduce dependence on China and to opt for Free Trade Agreements among each other. This kind of economic collaboration is helpful to all the countries involved and also for the global economy.
  • In order to diversify supply chains, Quad nations may help among themselves with the investments to tap the resources. This is very helpful in getting Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). For example, at present Australia has the world’s sixth-largest reserves of rare-earth minerals, which is essential to manufacture smartphones, EV batteries and high-powered motors. China supplies almost 60% of the world’s rare earth minerals. The positive thing is that most of Australia’s are untapped and needs investment to extract the minerals. And by this, dependence on China for rare earth minerals will be reduced. This cooperation is a great opportunity for all the Quad nations to increase exports and to improve the economy.
  • Quad meeting in 2020 included New Zealand, South Korea and Vietnam too, which is signalling towards the Quad-plus coalition.
  • It was announced that financing for Covid vaccines is the top priority for the latest meeting, which is going to be conducted on 12th March 2021. This cooperation is very beneficial to strengthen global health security.

Conclusion:

Quad is a great opportunity to diversify supply chains and to counterbalance China’s aggression. There is a high possibility that some other countries too will take part in it and it may become Quad plus. Quad has the potential to become a strong coalition like NATO in Europe.

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Business and Management, Education, Law and Order, Public Administration

GST DAY

Approx most of the day we heard about this Term GST, if we Recharge mobile current postpaid bill is Rs 500, we will have to shell out Rs 590. It is Rs 15 more than what you are currently paying. Food, electricity, gold, land, loans in these services GST is applicable

GST, Goods and Service Tax Act passed in the parliament of India on 27th March 2017 and came into effect on 1st July 2017.

The day was celebrated on 1st July 2018 to mark the first anniversary of the new indirect tax regime.GST is a single indirect tax on the supply of goods and services right from manufacturers to consumers. It’s replaced a number of taxes such As excise duty, service tax, central sales Tax, Value-added Tax(VAT), and Octroi.

Excise duty is an indirect tax that levies on the goods which, are produced within the country. This tax is not related to the Customs Duty. Excise Duty is also known as Central Value Added Tax. value-added Tax is collected by the state government. For example, if we purchase a good then we must pay an additional tax as Value Added Tax to the government. The VAT rate is decided based on the nature of the item and state.Custom duty and OctoroiThis tax is levied on those goods that are imported into India from outside. The Custom Duty tax is paid at the port of entry in the country as the airport. This tax rate also varies over the nature of goods. While the Octroi tax is charged on the goods entering the municipality.

GST was First coneceptual by Former Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee,1999.

In an official message on the occasion of GST Day, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Wednesday said that more efforts are required to ease tax compliance further for the taxpayers, especially the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Wednesday marked the third anniversary of the launch of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime.In message, Ms Sitharaman herhighlighted the steps taken towards easing the return filing process, including the recently introduced feature of SMS-based filing for nil return

Research Paper

Amartya sen: The CAPABILITY APPROACH

Amartya Sen’s -The Capability Approach

Life is full of surprise and miracles. The struggles of life teaches you a path but doesn’t define your qualities. Have you felt down for anything? Do you ever felt you are only reason for all your problems? Are you proud of what you’re doing or what you’ve done? Do you estimated your capabilities? Spare some time and answer to the questions. It will definitely define your capabilities of raising successful when others say you can’t.

What is Capability?
A capability is something a person is able to do . ( Capability defines for objects also). Let us take one example to explain capability
How the capability of students being tested in Foreign countries?
The indicating factors are life, body health, Integrity, senses, Imagination, Thoughts, Emotions, Practical Reasons ,Play and control over environment in which they are connected with core values of respect , caring ,fairness and their citizenship hence the schools believe when kids are kids as you can help them be the best they can be ,hopefully it turns out more capable.

Origin of capability approach
The capability approach was first articulated by the Indian Economist and philosopher Amartya Sen in 1980’s. Amartya
Sen contributed in the field of welfare economics, social choice theory, Development economy.Amartya Sen was looking for a practical approach of justice which is capable of elimination of all kinds of injustice in society. It is, for this reason, Amartya Sen develops a capability approach as a unique tool for evaluating issues like poverty, well beings, development, justice, equality, etc.

Amartya sen’s Capability Approach:
He is main aim is to exclude from all the traditional approaches to the economics of welfare. The main focus of this approach is on what individuals are able to do( I.e capable)

The Capability Approach focuses on purposeful capabilities of individuals, such as the ability to participate in economic transactions or to engage in political activity etc. Amartya Sen was of the opinion that an individual could be stripped of such capabilities for various reasons, such as government oppression, ignorance, lack of financial resources, etc. 

Amartya Sen uses the example of bicycle here. If you send a bicycle to a person who is disabled you haven’t improved the capacity of that person ,if the disabled person didn’t have capacity to ride a bicycle. This is to abstract the philosophy on concrete levels.

Conclusion
To all those above questions you have questioned yourself well, the answer should be determined by the development, justice , wellbeing, equality within yourself.According to Amartya Sen’s capability approach individuals should have the liberty to be able to make choices for the improvement of the quality of life by removing any problems that stands in the way of expanding their abilities. Develop the moral significance in you which builds up your capabilities results in a valuable life of a person. Don’t limit yourself to someone’s else opinion of your capabilities be you ,dream ,plan, excute.

Business and Management

what indian economy witnessing amid of the “corona kal”

Announcing this Pandemic corona Kal is little bit sarcastic because this must not stand for a long time. Over the last several months it had produced devastating results that shook this entire civilization of modern mankind deeply and profoundly. What it had perpetrate over the several months is far more than that could be happen in a ‘Kal’. Lakhs of people across the globe had loose their lives without committing any crime a direct verdict which did not even perform any trial or legal practices directly without any hearing clutched many lives brings a world of sufferings to their families nation and to the entire world.

Amid of this ongoing pandemic the Indian economy is facing Repercussion:

With the ongoing grief of many loosing lives and the infected ones and unimagined and numerous sufferings to their families there are also families those who are suffering live and terrible moments emerged because of ‘Hopes of returning home’, Extreme and harsh survival with the long routes to their homes, There is reverse migration swinging across the country on big level, poor living conditions continuous loose of livelihood without any social security and much more we are unable to create jobs hence employment in hands which had created a trauma and a significant question “will Indian Economy be capable enough to harness the demographic dividend in terms of employment opportunities ?”and why this question is crucial because the trends and symptoms our economy is projecting are intimidating. As per the foreign brokerage the India’s GDP forecast for this financial year will shrink by Approximately 2%,even some analyst predicted it to be as much as 5%.RBI had also expected a downfall in GDP in FY21(2020-2021).and as per a report India will can undergo recession in third quarter of this fiscal we already were the victims of Demonitisation India was running void of cash in hands hence demand was law already and with emergence of this Pandemic we run sort of incomes there is loss in incomes there is very meagre Employment there is definite depression in demand. apart from it banks also facing serious challenges because of bad loan levels and growing debts, banks NBFC’s are performing poorly risk Alienation increased as balance sheets of firms households grown weak .India is under lockdown since 25 march all the manufacturing across the country is at standstill there is disruption in supply and demand chain industries output shrank at 16.7% there is reverse migration is happening which country never sees before as all the manufacturing units had been shut down the backbone of employment the MSME’s facing tough time. we had obtained fiscal Deficiet in FY20 4.6% but due to cutting edge declination in GDP contraction the brokerage had revised it up-to 6.3%.All these above facts and figures trying to put the Portrait of our economy which is facing the tough time. Results and repercussions will be more intimidating.

There is huge challenge before the government how they are going to harness the demographic dividend of India which is India’s strength which was injected in 1980 and expected to end up-to 2040. Every fervent young hand need a job need a skill in his hand so that with his aspirations he can discharge its duties for nation building. Indian youth needs jobs creation apart from agriculture or Non-Agriculture Jobs. India’s spirit its youth needs a work in his hand. And it leaves a with a question Will Indian Economy be Capable enough to Foster employment for youths ? can we Harness the demographic dividend the real energy of Nation the INDIA ?