“Time Travel And Associated Paradox”

Humans have been fascinated towards time travel and have been developing technology to make it possible one day. The advancement in science has helped humans to make ideas turn reality. Space has always been a mystery to humans and we have always tried harder to solve them at the best of their possibilities. The idea of time travel and humans’ moment to past or future seems to be very fascinating, and humans believe that it is possible. But the fact that we cannot travel back to the era or to the future lies in the Einstein Theory Of Relatively. Which states that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light or in simple words it suggests that anything which is travelling with the speed less than light will never be able to move faster in it’s coming time or else to do so it requires enormous and endless power sources which we know that is not possible. 

But different findings have led the belief of scientists to increase in this area and  make those possibilities to be true. It is believed that we can move to other planets or parallel universes through a wormhole. Which is another hypothesis as their significance is still not found. Scientists believe that by creating a wormhole we can reach other planets and even past . There have been particles like tachyons   (Hypothetical) which are supposed to move faster than light. It is believed that with the help of these we can send messages to our past and even travel one day. 

Here’s is the paradox which do makes rise a potential question to do so. This is known as the Grandfather Paradox. According to this paradox it states the idea that if any person travels to time before their grandfather or sends a message before grandfather had children and if someone through that message kills their grandfather, it would raise a question to their existence. This paradox has been in discussion since ages and is considered a proper problem which really raises the question and theories related to time travel. 

Scientists have been working in this field of developing technology and doing research so as to rediscover particles or any technology which could help us to cross the barrier of time and travel in different years. But this is purely hypothetical since scientists do know that it’s hardly possible to cross the barriers of light and travel faster than it. We need enormous sources of energy or endless sources of energy to run any machine at a speed faster than it. It is still a belief of fiction but people do believe that whatever is thinkable can be achieved so scientists are working in discovering various other phenomena happening in space so as to get the idea of how space works and utilize those knowledge in future projects. The wormhole theory is a relevant theory which does enable human travel to other planets outside our solar system without breaking the famous theory of relativity but still we hardly find any wormholes and if they exist, they are expected to be very small enough for any spacecraft to enter. 

Scientist’s have been finding out different ways so as to make their dream turn reality. It does seem to be impossible but still some people have faith in their work and theories. Science has been bringing out hidden secrets about space with every trip of humans in it. Maybe in future we may be able to do time travel with better technologies, and thus new possibilities and opportunities for mankind

Labourers and lockdown

Stained by hunger,

The splash of virus dried out to an insignificant dot on their white khadi

They can’t have more, their stomach is full— full of hunger

Their bodies are not driven by food,

Their legs tread hearing stomach’s rumble

The people crossed gutters, jumped over broken roads

The pits in the broken road are now cemented, 

Cemented by starvation,

Cemented by hopes,

Cemented by slippers that have lost the feet on which they were worn.

They who went out in the search of bread have lost their breaths

Their breathless bodies demand an answer,

An answer for their hunger

An answer for their treads,

And answer for which they had lost their breaths.

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Importance Of Joint Family

A joint family (an undivided family, joint family, extended family system) is a large undivided family, where more than one generation live together in a common household. A joint family is a form of family where grand-parents, father, mother and children are united together under one roof.
In such families, the son does not distance himself after getting married. Instead, he lives in the same house with his family and his family with his wife and children.
The eldest male member is usually the head of the joint family. His power and functions are like a trustee. He is entitled to take economic and social decisions on behalf of the family.
The benefits of a joint family can count more than one can.
It is the best way of life that is most conducive for development.
It is based on the principle of proper economy. It considers it a law of creation that not all men are equal. Naturally it imposes a kind of unwritten discipline that those who are more financially capable will share some of the burden of those who are not.
Combined mace, naturally, operates on an understanding of mutual adjustment. Naturally, those who benefit from the generosity of others are grateful and thankful. Similarly study groups of boys in a large joint family are formed according to their age match. Naturally the cousins ​​study together, play together, quarrel together and even get punished together. As a result there is a sense of harmony in them which is free from any discrimination compared to being full brother or cousin.
The groom becomes a concern for all the elders in the family for married girls in marriage. Even if the daughter of a junior brother is chosen by someone because of her beauty or talent, he will not agree to her marriage until her senior cousin sister is married.
The basic needs of all family members are taken care of. Each member is guaranteed minimum subsistence to survive.
It supports all family members. Old and elderly people are respected. Proper care is taken for old, widowed, physically weak and disabled family members. Subjects such as this have imposed themselves on their members in a joint family. The head of a large family almost becomes its patriarch if the family and other constituents are looking after the norms well and healthily, the family of the family will expand.
Finally, a sense of unity prevails in the joint family system.
This often creates parasites that prefer to feed on the income of another and exploit the wellbeing and theoretical behavior of their partners. Sometimes some devious member of the family conspires to torture and exploit another innocent member of the family. High-earning members often insult low-earning members.
The cost of education has increased. High-earning members often want their children to study in expensive schools, but they do not want to share the burden of the children of other family members. In large families, the most important decisions are made by the head of the family. Since, not all individuals in the family have the opportunity to participate in major family decisions, they are often lost or develop a sense of inferiority complex.

The separation of families was evident from the joint families themselves. This is when the spirit of generosity, charity and sympathy is not balanced by strong moral line, character and foresight. If members remain for each other, then joint family can be successfully run. The suffering of solidarity and selflessness is the essence of joint family.

“Significance of festivals.”

India is rightly described as the ‘land of festivals’ because there are various festivals celebrated all over India. People belonging to different castes and communities live together in our country. These people celebrate several festivals with great pomp and excitement.

There is a reason behind the celebration of every festival. Whatever the reason might be, it is a great time to have fun. All the people gather together during the period of festivals. Diwali, Holi, Christmas, Gokulasthami, Navratri, Makarsankranti, Eid are some of the festivals that we celebrate in India. But, along with these, there are many other festivities that people celebrate across our nation.
Apart from giving unlimited joy and happiness, festivals give us some valuable teachings in life.

◆ What do festivals teach us?

● Festivals teach us the power of unity. It is due to festivals that people forget their fights and come together for celebrations. People irrespective of their caste, creed or religion participate in different kinds of festivals and respect their religious sentiments. These festivals help to spread love, care and understanding among people.

● We learn from various festivals about the rich cultural heritage of our country. We get to know about the various traditions followed in our families since generations. Through festivals, we learn to believe in god and we get a chance to express our thanks towards god.

● Festivals create an environment of happiness around us. People get a break from their boring and busy routine and enjoy to the fullest during festivals. It helps them to forget their sorrows and pains. Festivals are also a great stress buster, as they create a positive atmosphere.

● We learn from our national festivals about the struggles of our freedom fighters and their sacrifices. These festivals motivate us to work for the betterment of our nation. They teach us to love our country and boost our feeling of patriotism. They help to bring together all the citizens of our country.

● We learn from the festivals about some good human values. They teach us to not give up easily and keep the hope alive as good always wins over evil, to not discriminate amongst people on the basis of certain factors and to help the needy and poor people.

● We learn from the seasonal festivals to love nature and to express our gratitude towards it. Mother nature has always been very generous in fulfilling all our necessities. By celebrating seasonal festivals, we get a chance to acknowledge nature.

● Festivals also help to improve the economy of our country. This is because people do shopping for various items for the celebration of festivals. This increase in the demand for different goods contributes to the GDP of our country.

We can thus see, that festivals
play a great role in our life. Festivals are a great way to relax your mind and free your mind from tensions. Hence, we shall always take out some time for the celebration of each and every festival. By doing this, we get an opportunity to become joyful from within, interact with others, learn something new and spread happiness around.

Evolution Of Killing

There are many cumbersome ways to kill a man.
You can make him carry a plank of wood
to the top of a hill and nail him to it.
To do this properly you require a crowd of people
wearing sandals, a cock that crows, a cloak
to dissect, a sponge, some vinegar and one
man to hammer the nails home.

The poet Wilfred Owen sarcastically talks of the various ways to kill a human being. He starts off by talking about the crucifixion of Christ who was betrayed by Judas, tortured and made to carry his own cross. Brutal crucifixion is one of the ways to end the life of a human being that the poet talks about.

Or you can take a length of steel,
shaped and chased in a traditional way,
and attempt to pierce the metal cage he wears.
But for this you need white horses,
English trees, men with bows and arrows,
at least two flags, a prince, and a
castle to hold your banquet in.

The poet talks of the War of Roses in the second stanza which was fought from 1455 to 1487 between the two houses of Lancaster and York for the throne of England. Here knights attacked the other in the traditional way with white horses with English trees, men with bows and arrows and a banquet where the winning side would hold the festivities. This manner of killing is swifter than the crucifixion of Jesus yet the sarcastic manner of Brock rings with irony throughout the lines of his poem.

Dispensing with nobility, you may, if the wind
allows, blow gas at him. But then you need
a mile of mud sliced through with ditches,
not to mention black boots, bomb craters,
more mud, a plague of rats, a dozen songs
and some round hats made of steel.

Brock in the third stanza tells us that we don’t need nobilities to kill other human beings for if the wind is favourable we can blow gas at the enemy. This refers to the world war 1 which was a gas and trench warfare with mud laced boots, bomb craters, a plague of rats and war songs pushing the men ahead with zeal and vigour.

In an age of aeroplanes, you may fly
miles above your victim and dispose of him by pressing one small switch. All you then
require is an ocean to separate you, two
systems of government, a nation’s scientists,
several factories, a psychopath and
land that no-one needs for several years.

Now the poet talks of the World War 2 where aeroplanes were used to dump and destroy Hiroshima and Nagasaki with atom bombs. One needed to just press a small switch to completely decimate and destroy the two cities of Japan. One just needed an ocean to separate the two countries with two different systems of government, nation’s scientists, several factories for the production of the mass weapons and a psychopath possibly referring to Henry S Truman who ordered the bombing on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.  One also needs land that no one would use for several years as the atom bomb radiation would render the land useless.

These are, as I began, cumbersome ways to kill a man.
Simpler, direct, and much more neat is to see
that he is living somewhere in the middle
of the twentieth century, and leave him there.

The final stanza states that the above-mentioned ways to kill humans were cumbersome and a more simple, direct and neat way to kill humans was to leave the man somewhere in the middle of the twentieth century and leave him there and he would perish due to the harsh circumstances of the century and would be a victim of time.

This poem has a hidden moral message which states that humans should aim at coexisting peacefully and without mindless violence.

Victorian women poets.


The term Victorian age is often used to cover the whole of the nineteenth century. Queen Victoria came into the throne in 1837. And this era gave rise to numerous exceptionally talented scholars. The two famous female poets along with their details have been discussed below.
Christina Georgina Rossetti was a victorian woman poet who wrote a variety of Romantic, devotional, and children’s poems. Rossetti began writing down from 1842, initially mostly imitating her favorite poets. From 1847 she began experimenting with verse forms such as sonnets, hymns, ballads, drawing narratives from the Bible, folklore, and the lives of the saints. Her most famous collections ‘Goblin Market and other poems’ appeared in 1862. It received widespread critical praise, establishing her as the main female poet of the time. With the death of Elizabeth Barrett Browning in 1861, Rossetti was her natural successor.’ Goblin Market can be seen as an allegory about temptation and salvation, a commentary on Victorian gender roles and female agency, and work about erotic desire and social redemption.In1892, Rossetti wrote ‘The face of the Deep’, a book of devotional prose. Her poetry collections include’ ‘ The prince’s Progress and other Poems,’ Speaking Likenesses’,’The Political Works of Christina Rossetti’etc. Some critics and scholars of the twentieth century and post twentieth century began to explore Freudian themes in her work, such as religious and sexual redemption. Her work strategy influences writers like Virginia Woolf, Ford Madox Ford, Philip Larkin, and Hopkins. Her fictions include Common Plays and other Stories’
Another famous Victorian female poet was Elizabeth Barrette Browning. She was one of the most prominent poets of the victorian era. Her first known poem was written at the age of six-‘On the Cruelty of Forcement to Man’Her first collection of poems essay on Mind with Other Poems was published in 1826 and reflected her passion for Byron and Greek politics. She opposed slavery and published two poems highlighting the barbarity of slaves and her support for the abolishionalist cause. The poems opposing slavery include’ The RunwaySlave at Pilgrim’s Point’, and ‘A Curse for a Nation’.In the first, she describes the experience of a slave woman who is whipped, raped, and made pregnant as she curses the slaves. In 1838′ The Seraphim and Other Poems’ appeared, the first volume of Elizabeth’s mature poetry to appear under her own name. Between 1841and 1844 Barrett Browning was prolific in poetry, translation, and prose. The poem’ Cry of the Children’ published in Blackwood’sMagazine condemned child labor and helped to bring about child labor reforms. In 1844, she published two volumes of poems which included ‘A Drama of Exile’, ‘A Vision of Poets’, and ‘Lady Geraldine’s Courtship’.Two of her most famous poems were ‘Sonnets from the Portuguese’ and ‘Aurora Leigh’.Much of her work carries a religious theme. She was interested in theological debates, had learned Hebrew, and read the Hebrew Bible. In ‘Aurora Leigh’ She created the character of a strong and independent woman who embraces both work and love. A five-volume scholarly edition of her works was published in 2010, the first in over a century.

Are gyms eco-friendly?

Time to run from the 'deadmill' gym treadmill

People nowadays are more concerned about their health and are going to the gym to achieve their fitness goals. Many exercisers find that running on a treadmill is easier, and therefore more preferable, than running outdoors. Those who face seasonal allergies or live in cold temperatures seem to have no option but to remain indoors for their workouts. There is also a sense of encouragement from joining a gym. By getting on the treadmill at their local club, they are now a part of a group who strive to be healthy. But by jumping on a piece of exercise equipment they may be helping their bodies but are harming the environment.

While the treadmills these gym-goers choose appear to be rather simple machines that wouldn’t require high amounts of power, one treadmill can burn the equivalent of fifteen 75-Watt light bulbs while in use. Most people would never want to have five lights on in their house, let alone fifteen, yet most people have no problem using a treadmill. While most treadmills are not constantly running, treadmills and other equipment still use energy while in standby mode. Some local gyms are also crowded enough that their machines are in almost constant use, burning large amounts of energy. The temperature raises in the gym, causing the use of fans and air conditioning in addition to the level that it is constantly running at. The lights at most gyms are consistently on and using electricity, even if no one is working out. The soda vending machine alone at a local gym can use about 10 times the amount of a home refrigerator.

An amazing alternative to the conventional gym is the Green Gym, a concept that allows gentle exercise out in the countryside in fresh air. Green Gyms involve members ‘working out’ by planting trees, rebuilding damaged forest footpaths or rebuilding walls. Participants have been found to exercise moderately over a period of about four hours – equivalent to a short session on a treadmill. However, the advantage is that the air is completely pure and, more importantly, the energy expended goes into producing a tangible product. This form of gentle exercise has been found to reduce heart attacks and strokes by about 50%.

Mental health organizations have commented on the well-being effects of the Green Gym. They say that people have a natural biological attraction to nature, which is often referred to as biophilia. Connecting with the natural environment can have therapeutic benefits and can significantly lower stress levels. Not only that, it can improve physical health too.

Carbon-neutral gyms are also starting to appear around the world. Many of these have environmental policies that aim to reduce waste, increase recycling and encourage users to think about the effects of their workout on the environment. Some gyms are even levying a charge on users so that tree planting projects can be resourced. One gym is able to reclaim over 800 cubic metres of rainwater from the roof. This is enough to fill their 25metre swimming pool.

So, going to the gym on a regular basis can have a great effect on your health and body. But it comes at a cost. For the discerning environmentalist, using a gym may be an acceptable option, but it is always a good idea to check that the establishment has an environmental policy, with aims and objectives clearly stated.

Kejriwal Government’s Decision“ A direct opposition of the Constitution”


In 1992, the Hon’ble supreme court made, listed under article 21 categorical:- The State of India is legally bound to ensure access to health as it is an integral part of RIGHT TO LIFE because if any citizen is denied, their life is in jeopardy and so are all other rights.
But Delhi government on 7th June announced to restrict access to health care only to residents of Delhi. Though this move has been blocked by Lt. Governor but let us get into whys and how’s of the decision.
There was a very high rise in the number of cases in the national capital, this caught the authorities napping. The failures in preparedness were put in the public domain. Moves and tricks we’re formulated to divert public attention from the original issue.
• Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal amid huge controversy over the number of dedicated COVID beds, quoted “In the cabinet meeting today, a decision has taken regarding healthcare facilities. There are 10,000 beds in hospitals of the Delhi government and the same number of beds are available in those hospitals run by Centre. We are opening borders from tomorrow. Delhi hospitals will be available for the people of Delhi only, while hospitals run by the Central government will remain open for all.”

“Anyone can get treatment in hospitals run by the Central government. Private hospitals in Delhi will also be reserved for the people of Delhi. But there are some hospitals which offer surgeries/treatment like neurosurgery which is not available in other parts of the country. Those hospitals will remain open for everyone. I think this is a fine balance to protect the interest of people of Delhi and people from outside Delhi,”
To explain this move a few reasons we’re cited:- Delhi has an International Airport and two of the busiest railway station and all 15 special trains were routed to and fro from Delhi.
Being national capital Delhi has most of the head offices and departmental headquarters. This all contributed to the strict incline of pressure on Delhi healthcare facilities.
Article 21 states that “no person shall be deprived of his life”. This Article is not even “citizen-centric” it is “person-centric” let alone area-specific.
• In 1989, the Hon’ble Supreme Court after referring to the Code of Medical Ethics has termed that “there can be no second opinion that preservation of human life is of paramount importance. That is so on account of the fact that once life is lost, the status quo ante cannot be restored as resurrection is beyond the capacity of man. The patient, whether he be an innocent person or be a criminal liable to punishment under the laws of the society, it is the obligation of those who are in-charge of the health of the community to preserve life so that the innocent may be protected and the guilty may be punished….”.
• In its judgment Supreme Court hold that “Article 21 of the Constitution casts the obligation on the State to preserve life……A doctor at the Government hospital positioned to meet this State obligation is, therefore, duty-bound to extend medical assistance for preserving life. Every doctor whether at a Government hospital or otherwise has the professional obligation to extend his services with due expertise for protecting life. No law or State action can intervene to avoid/delay the discharge of the paramount obligation cast upon members of the medical profession. The obligation being total, absolute and paramount, laws of procedure whether in statutes or otherwise which would interfere with the discharge of this obligation cannot be sustained and must, therefore, give way.”
After being aware of these judgments and constitution this move fail to hold on the moral and legal accounts. Politicians, as always have played their game of dirt and swamp but the poor citizens fell prey to this game. This move dented the integrity of Indians and any such moves must be condemned.

The Unlock 2.0

The state of India has been under restrictions since March 25th. The nation has observed various phases Lockdown 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and then unlock which is scheduled to be a 5 phased issue. Yesterday the Central government announced guidelines for unlock 2.0. A few essential questions emerge, which need to be answered.
Why Unlock? Are the timings to unlock poor?
India has too high a test positivity rate, about 10%. India started easing restrictions at a time when about 10000 cases we’re emerging every day, so the question arises: why unlock then?
The answer to this question can be decoded by the mere fact that GDP ( Gross Domestic Product) prediction of India slipped about a straight 9 percent.
• Many state governments we’re running at the extreme shortage of money.
• Services were facing serious high pressure due to restrictions.
• Government-funded services were made to come at a halt.
• The seriousness of citizens to follow the norms was dipping.
• The psychological reason was that after spending about 2 months in lockdown, naming the next set of restrictions as Unlock gave people a ray of hope.
What will be open?
Next question is that what will be open in Unlock 2.0
In areas other than Containment Zones, all activities will be allowed, except the following:
• Schools, colleges and coaching institutions will remain closed till end of July. Online learning will be encouraged. Training institutions of the Central and State Governments will be allowed to operate from 15 July, 2020, for which Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) will be issued by the Department of Personnel & Training.
• International air travel, except for passengers as permitted by Ministry of Home Affairs.
• Social/ political/ sports/ entertainment/academic/ cultural/ religious functions and other large public gatherings.
• Metro Trains
• Cinema halls, entertainment parks, theatres, gymnasium, swimming pools, auditoriums, assembly halls and similar places.
Date of further changes will be announced as and when required.
Night curfew
Movement of individuals shall remain restricted in between 10.00 pm to 5.00 am, except for essential activities. Local authorities must issue guidelines, in the entire area under their jurisdiction with appropriate provisions of the law such as under section 144 , and ensure strict compliance.
States Government to decide on activities outside Containment Zones
States and UTs, by their observation of the situation, can restrict certain activities outside Containment zones, or impose restrictions as felt necessary. There must be no restriction on inter-State and intra-State movements. No separate permit will be required for such movements.
Lockdown limited to Containment Zones
• Lockdown shall continue to remain in effect in the Containment Zones till 31 July, 2020.
• In the containment zones, perimeter control must be maintained and only essential services allowed.
• Activities in the Containment Zones will be monitored strictly by the authorities, and the guidelines shall be strictly implemented.
• MOHFW will monitor the proper situation handling of Containment Zones and the implementation of the containment norms.
Vulnerable persons, persons above age of 65, persons with disabilities, pregnant women, and children below the age group of 10 years, are advised to stay at home, except when deemed necessary.