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Understanding Proportions with the help of Ratio

Ratios and proportions are widely known concepts. We have to deal with them on daily basis. Which makes is very essential to learn them properly. 

In math, both of these concepts are greatly related to fractions. It is because the ratio is fundamentally a fraction. And proportion is the comparison of two fractions. 

It is no wonder if you are vaguely familiar with ratios. For example, you would have come across situations where the ratio of one group is higher than the other.

Similarly, you might have an idea about proportions already. For instance, you know that a motorcycle is faster than a bicycle in the same way a sports car is faster than a normal car.

In this blog post, we will discuss ratios and propositions with examples, so that by the end of this post you will have no confusion. 

Definition – Ratios

A ratio compares the quantity of one kind to the quantity of another kind. For ratios to exist, the quantities should have the same units. 

Ratios are represented as:

a : b

The symbols of both slash (/) and colon (:) are used to represent a ratio. The first value, here a, is known as antecedent. The second value, b in this case, is called the consequent.

How many types of Ratios are there?

There are two types of ratio.

Compound Ratio

For two or more ratios, if we take antecedent as product of antecedents of the ratios and consequent as product of consequents of the ratios, then the ratio thus formed is called mixed or compound ratio. As, compound ratio of m : n and p :  q is mp : nq.

Duplicate Ratio

Duplicate ratio is the ratio of two equal ratios. For example, the duplicate ratio of the ratio x : y is the ratio x2 : y2.

Definition – Proportions

A proportion compares two ratios. Through a proportion, we get to know that in two ratios a : b and c : d, a is related to b in the same way as c is related to d. 

The proportion of two ratios is represented as:

a : b : :c :d  

The double semicolon (::) or equal to (=) tells that the two ratios mentioned are in equal proportion. The values a and d are known as extremes and the values b and c are known as means.

In a proportion “a : b :: c : d”

  • The mean between b and c is . 
  • c is third proportional to a and b.
  • d is fourth proportional to a, b and c.

In a ratio, one quantity is compared in terms of “times” with the other quantity. This means if A and B are in a ratio of 3:1, then A is 3 times the quantity of B.  

A proportion tells a person that two ratios in proportion increase or decrease in a similar way. 

We can see this in an example. Previously we discussed that in a cake recipe, flour is two times the quantity of oil. This recipe is to make a one-pound cake. 

To make a 2-pound cake, increase the quantity of both in the same way, we will multiply two on both sides.

= 2 x 2 : 2 x 1

= 4 : 2

This ratio is in proportion to our previous ratio 2:1. It can be written as 

2 : 1 :: 4 : 2

How to solve ratios?

It will be easy to calculate ratios with the help of an example.

Example:

In a fruit basket, there are 15 fruits. Out of these 15 fruits, 6 are bananas and 3 are apples. Find the ratio of 

  • Bananas to rest of the fruits
  • Apples to total fruits
  • Apples to bananas

Solution:

For Bananas:

To find in which ratio bananas are present in the fruit basket, we will have to subtract bananas from the total number of fruits. It is a “part to part” ratio.

Total number of bananas = 6

Total fruits in the basket   = 15

Fruits – bananas = 15 – 6 = 9

This means there are 9 more fruits in the basket. The ratio of bananas to the rest of the fruits is:

6 : 9

After dividing by 3: 

2 : 3

For apples to the total fruits.

We will not need to subtract no. of apples from no. of fruits in this part. This is because we have to find the “part to the whole” ratio.

No. of apples = 3

No. of total fruits = 15       

The ratio is:

3 : 15            

After simplifying,

1 : 5

Apples to bananas

It is also a “part to part” ratio. 

No. of apples = 3

No. of bananas = 6

The ratio is,

3 : 6

Simplifying: 

1 : 2

A proportion can be formed by multiplying or dividing the ratio by the same number on both sides. After that writing the new ratio in proportion (with double semicolon i.e ::) the old ratio.

We usually determine whether a proportion exists or not. We can prove this in 3 ways. Let’s see how to do that with the help of an example.

Example:

Prove that the ratios 4:8 and 2:4 are in proportion.

Solution:

Write both ratios in proportion.

4 : 8 :: 2 : 4

Simplify both ratios by dividing with the common numbers. We get,

 2 : 4 :: 1 : 2

By simplifying more, we get,

1 : 2 :: 1 : 2

As we know, if both ratios are equal, proportion exists between both of them.

Write the ratios in the fraction form and cross multiply the fractions.

½ = ½ 

2 = 2 

Both sides are the same. Hence, the proportion is true.

Solve the fractions for decimal numbers.

4/8 = ½ = 0.5

2/4 = ½ = 0.5

Both of the decimal values are the identical which means that the proportion exists between these two ratios.

Under this heading, we will solve the problems related to ratios and proportions. Proportion calculator could be very handy in case you are looking to solve the proportions.

  1. 1.    There are two buckets of water. In the first bucket we mix oil into the water in a ratio of 5:8. In the second bucket, we mix another fluid in a ratio of 3:5. Which ratio is bigger?

Solution:

Step 1: Solve fractions and convert them into decimal values.

5:8 = 5/8 = 0.625

4:5 = 4/5 = 0.6

Step 2: Compare both values.

 As 0.625 > 0.6, so the ratio 5:8 is greater than 4:5.

  • 2.    Find x in proportion, 2 : x : : 20 : 50.

Solution:

Step 1: Convert the ratio in fractions and solve them to find the variable x.

 2 × 50 = 20x

100 = 20x

x = 100/20

x = 5

journal for studies in Management and planning

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning (JSMaP) peer-reviewed and published monthly, is committed to publishing scholarly empirical and theoretical research articles that have a high impact on the management field as a whole. JSMaP covers domains such as business strategy and policy, entrepreneurship, human resource management, organizational behaviour, organizational theory, and research methods. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

The Journal of MJournal for Studies in Management and Planning (JSMaP) is committed to publishing scholarly empirical and theoretical research articles, that have a high impact on the management field as a whole. The journal encourages new ideas or new perspectives on existing research. The journal covers such areas as: 

  • Business strategy & policy
  • Organizational behavior
  • Human resource management 
  • Organizational theory
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Research Methods

Review Issues are published on monthly basis. These issues include widely read and widely cited collections of articles in the field of management and have become a major resource for management scholars. The Review Issues cover a broad range of topics from a wide range of academic disciplines, methodologies, and theoretical paradigms.

The mission of JSMaP is to publish empirical research that tests, extends, or builds management theory and contributes to management practice. All empirical methods including, but not limited to, qualitative, quantitative, field, laboratory, meta-analytic, and mixed methods are welcome. To be published in JSMaP, the research must make strong empirical and theoretical contributions and the manuscript should highlight the relevance of those contributions to management practice. Authors should strive to produce original, insightful, interesting, important, and theoretically bold research that demonstrates a significant “value-added” contribution to the field’s understanding of an issue or topic. 

The European ManJournal for Studies in Management and Planning (JSMaP) ) is a flagship scholarly journal, publishing internationally leading research across all areas of management. JSMaP articles challenge the status quo through critically informed empirical and theoretical investigations, and present the latest thinking and innovative research on major management topics, while still being accessible and interesting to non-specialists.

JSMaP articles are characterized by their intellectual curiosity and diverse methodological approaches, which lead to contributions that impact profoundly on management theory and practice. We welcome interdisciplinary research that synthesizes distinct research traditions to shed new light on contemporary challenges in the broad domain of European business and management. Cross-cultural investigations addressing the challenges for European management scholarship and practice in dealing with global issues and contexts are strongly encouraged.

Send papers for publication to editor@ijrmpad.org

Link to Journal is https://ijrmpad.org/index.php/jsmap

Collaboration Strategies Implementation In Organization That Helps Resilient Culture

Collaboration Strategies Implementation In Organization That Helps Resilient Culture

Source

The resilient organizational culture refers to the organization that rebound and prosper after major disruption in the business functioning.

Resilience is generated when an organization is resistant to change, adaptive, elastic, cooperative and sustainable.

There are different aspects of resilient culture; the most required traits of resilient culture are;

Source

Since the disruption created due to COVID, implementation of resilient culture in organizations is essential.

Let’s elaborate on some of the collaborative strategies to develop a resilient culture in organizations.

1.  Launch a Business Continuity Program

The role of a leader in bringing change is undoubtedly most significant. The leader’s behavior, values, and attitude towards employee create an impact on employees’ productivity and acceptability. 

One of the best ways to show affection towards employees and unite them to accept change is developing a continuity program. Teach employees about different past events that the organization resiliently faced.

Link the organizations’ KPI with the value of resilience and acceptance of the change. Arrange program on a bi-monthly basis, as too much enforcement can create a negative impact on employees.

2.  Empower Resilient Champions

Around 83% of the organizations believe that there is a need for developing leaders on a small-scale. These internal and external actors will maintain collaboration and sustain the process of resilience building. But, the selection of these actors is the real challenge for the organization. 

  • Choose one actor from the following department; Risk, technology, legal, supplier management, and internal audit. 
  • Team them up and elaborate the whole journey of resilience and their contribution. 
  • Empower them to motivate other employees of their department.
  • Use them as a communication channel to narrate any new law or change in business functionality.

It is suggested to select a person who has a strong character with the capabilities to influence others. Survival of some natural disaster can be an effective one, as their personal story will motivate employees. 

3.  Use a Communication Program

The creation of resilient culture is dependent upon the acceptance and flexibility of new processes by employees. The acceptance of new processes depends on communication; most employees show confrontation when briefed regarding new working procedures.

Therefore, leaders should use proper communication channel to brief them. This communication channel is divided into two tiers. 

The first tier will inform the external stakeholders about the policies. The second tier, which includes actors, managers, and leaders, will brief internal stakeholders.

4.  Organize Activities for Organization

Make the resilient culture common. Arrange different collaborative activities that can support you in promoting resilience. 

Find a specific date to celebrate resilience, and include that day in the office calendar. Show movies to support resilience, or arrange contests, talks, and visit to different places. 

You can also celebrate the cultural day at the office to support diversity and show acceptance.  

5.  Utilize Technology for Remote Collaboration

Working from a remote location is a new normal. Since the pandemic, the majority of employees prefer working from home. 

But, collaboration and communication were the biggest problems faced by employees. 

Source

Therefore, the organization must create a communication and collaboration network that facilitates remote working. Store all the official documents in the cloud and give employees access to their respective files and documents. 

Facilitate them with high-speed internet connectivity. Fix the working hours. To motivate them provide free shopping vouchers to buy assignment UK or any other necessary commodity. 

6.  Appreciate Employee’s Performance

According to Dissertation Assistance UK, appreciating employee’s performance is an adequate way of increasing their engagement level; a well engaged and motivated employee will be more absorbent to changes. 

Employees even ignore monetary gains on praise and acknowledgement. 

Source

Therefore, adequate acknowledgement and praising of employees is necessary. Arrange a meeting with the HR department and guide them to note every employee’s extraordinary performance. 

Appreciate them on a bi and tri-monthly basis. It is suggested not to go for extravagant events, call a meeting in an open space and appreciate that individual’s effort. 

Tesco-The Resilient Culture Experts

Tesco is considered to be the champion of resilience due to its diverse activates. The leading grocery store was considered extremist due to the activities they carried out. The organization follows the organizational resilience structure;

Source

Almost four years ago, they celebrated ‘Doomsday Activity’ in which they shut down their head office and ask branches to operate on their own. These types of activities promote resilient culture in their organization. 

Therefore, when the pandemic hit, Tesco continues to work at the same pace. Their employees were trained and have practiced resilience before. This is why; they quickly adopt preventive measures and continue their functioning.

Maintaining social distancing, delivering grocery at the doorstep, working and collaborating remotely were practiced efficiently by the employees. 

Another example of resilience was the new hiring; the organization hired 12,000 pickers, 4000 drivers, and 400 vans. This increases working hours, but employees kept on working with the same dedication. The extreme activities and benefit of the resilient culture of Tesco were evident during the pandemic. 

It is also reflected that organizations that have practiced resilient culture before pandemic were secured from ample loss.

Ending Thoughts

Creating a resilient culture in organizations demands a lot. Due to this, the majority of leaders and organizations exempt from the adaptation of this culture. The leaders are required to collaborate and interact with employees continuously. It is also considered to be the test of leadership. 

It also requires engaged and motivated employees, as, without their contribution, nothing is possible. The example of Tesco reflects that adequate practice and resilient organizational culture can prepare organizations for any situation. 

 I hope the details about implementing the resilient culture using collaborative strategies that I have mentioned above will support you in adopting resilient culture. 

Author’s Bio

Stella Lincoln is currently working as an Assistant Editor at Assignment Assistance, the organization famous for its assignment writing service UK. She had served in several organizations, which increases her professional experience. Her dedication to writing is visible from her blogs. 

Call for papers IJR June 2021

International Journal of Research  (IJR) (ISSN 2348-4868) is a Monthly peer reviewed Multi disciplinary journal that publish original and high-quality articles covering a wide range of topics in Engineering, dedicated to promoting high standards in the creation and dissemination of scientific knowledge. IJR is a multidisciplinary international journal accepts research and review papers in the field of Engineering and other fields on the basis of its originality, importance and interdisciplinary interest. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques and do not add anything new or unique to the science will normally be rejected. With its high standards of scientific quality, the Journal International Journal of Scientific Research and Review provides a meeting ground for researchers who investigate the newest problems related to Multidisciplinary fields.

Send papers for review to ijr@ijrjournal.com

         International Journal of Research is an open access journal, which means that all articles are available on the internet to all users immediately upon publication. Non-commercial use and distribution in any medium is permitted, provided the author and the journal are properly credited. Benefits of open access for authors include: free access for all users worldwide, authors retain copyright to their work, increased visibility and readership, rapid publication, no spatial constraints. Special issues dedicated to international conferences in the topics of the journal are brought out, as well. All submitted manuscripts are initially evaluated by the Editor and, if are found suitable, are sent for further consideration, to peer reviewers for an independent and anonymous expert review process.

Submission Topics for IJR journal

IJR Journal publishes original papers in various fields of Applied Science, Technology and Engineering, Management Science that cover, but are not limited to, the following areas: Electrical Engineering, Power Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control, Measurement and Metrology, Signal Processing,  Telecommunications, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering,  Materials Science, Computer Engineering, Information Technology and Informatics, Data Engineering and Software Engineering, Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics.

IJR – Benefits To Paper Publications:

Easy & Rapid paper publishing process.
Low publication fee to promote the research work
IJR is indexed in Google Scholar, Docstoc, ResearchGate, Scribd and many more.
IJR provides individual Soft Copy of Certificate of Publication to each Authors of paper.

How to Submit Papers

Send papers for review to ijr@ijrjournal.com

Link to access Current Issue of Journal https://ijrjournal.com/index.php/ijr

Importance of Training and Internship

Internships are a great way to apply the knowledge from the classroom to real-world experience. Learning is one thing, but taking those skills into the workforce and applying them is a great way to explore different career paths and specializations that suit individual interests. Having an internship gives you experience in the career field you want to pursue. Not only does this give individuals an edge over other candidates when applying for jobs, it also prepares them for what to expect in their field and increases confidence in their work. Having an internship benefits you in the working environment, and it also builds your professional network. There is a 1 in 16 chance of securing a job by connecting with people, so networking is critical. Internships provide a great environment to meet professionals in the career field you want to pursue, as well as other interns who have similar interests.

According to a 2016 National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) survey, more than 56 percent of graduating seniors reported taking part in at least one internship. Of those respondents, 56 percent were paid, while 44 percent were unpaid. Seventy-two percent of those unpaid internships were credit-bearing.
Professionalism. Internships can provide students with the soft skills needed in the workplace and in leadership positions. In a LinkedIn Skills Report (2018), 57% of people rated soft skills as being more important than technical skills. Skills, such as communication, leadership, problem-solving, and teamwork can all be learned through an internship and utilized beyond that experience. Depending on your major, you may read about how organizations thrive and function in textbooks, hear from guest speakers who talk about organizational structures, or dive into case studies about workplace culture, but nothing compares to living the actual experience. Internships help students learn all about workplace culture, employee relations, and leadership structure, which should help them onboard in their first professional job with more ease than if they haven’t had professional experience.
Most organizations and jobs that you apply to following graduation want employees to have some sort of professional experience, even for entry-level jobs. In the event that you are a finalist for a position and haven’t had an internship experience but the other finalist has, you may lose out on a job opportunity, so make sure you at least have one internship on your resume before leaving college to give you a leg up on the competition. Not only will you be helping out the organization you intern with, but they’ll help you out too. While professors and teachers will prepare you for the theoretical side of your field and hands-on projects, internships provide opportunities for receiving feedback from someone who works in your desired field on a daily basis. This might seem common sense – you’re interning to learn skills, after all – but don’t forget to purposefully observe others in their job role to learn the ins and outs of different positions. Consider asking your supervisor if you can shadow them for a day, along with other people in your department. Ask to sit in on departmentwide meetings as well. Act like a sponge and soak up all the information you can during your internship – it will benefit you in the long run. While everyone probably wants to walk away from an internship feeling excited and passionate about the experience, there’s a silver-lining to be found if you didn’t enjoy the job: you’ll know what you don’t like. According to an article from monster.com, “figuring out what type of job you don’t want while you’re interning can help prevent you from accepting an ill-fitting job when you graduate.”

Photo by Ketut Subiyanto on Pexels.com

Digital Business Translation Solutions

We are certainly living in a digital world and despite the globalisation there is still the issue of languages when doing business with foreign companies, which can really limit you regarding new markets to enter. Fortunately, there are professional business translators who make up a global network of on-demand translation and once you register with this company, you have full access to more than 500 language pairs, with translation in a wide range of formats.

Specialised Industries

Certain industries require on-demand translation, such as:

  • Legal
  • Scientific
  • Technical
  • Finance 
  • Business
  • Marketing
  • Media

The leading provider of specialist business translation is a company called Global Citizens Translation and they can easily be found with a Google search. Once on their website, you can take a look at the many on-demand services they offer, along with the various formats, such as:

  • Video conferencing
  • Subtitles
  • Seminar and webinar translation
  • Face to face business meetings

Language Pairs

There are more than 500 language pairs that are supported by this provider and booking a translation job is very easy using the website. You enter in the details of the languages to translate, along with the format of the translation, a time and date, plus any relevant information that the provider might require. Here are a few great collaboration techniquesthat might be useful at some time in your life.

Translation Services

The services offered include the following:

  • Localised Translation – When you want to advertise your product in a foreign country, it is very important to have accurate translation that is culturally appropriate. Setting up a business in a foreign land involves website translation, brochure printing and other promotional materials, all of which need to be accurately translated.
  • Multi-Lingual Transcription Services – You might need audio or text added to promotional videos, which is something the team can handle with ease. When certain dialects are involved, it is essential to find professional translation that is certified.
  • Desktop Publishing – There are many occasions when you need impact with your visual content and you don’t want to lose anything in the language, which is why you should leave this to the professionals.
  • Proofreading – Once you have prepared a document in another language, it needs to be proofed to ensure there are no errors and if you would like a quote for a proofreading assignment, simply click on the link on the provider’s website.

Impressive Client List

If you are looking for a global business translation service, choose one with an impressive list of well-known names, as this is a good indication of their quality. People like Google and Microsoft, for example, are major players and they only work with efficient contractors and this is like a seal of approval.

Of course, your business might be small, but that’s OK because the global translation service caters for businesses big and small and if you would like a quote for a specific translation service, Google will help you to find the leading provider.

TIPS TO HIRE FLUTTER DEVELOPERS FOR YOUR STARTUP

Flutter is a rapidly advancing but relatively new app developmental framework and this makes it hard to find developers who have the required experience and expertise in using the framework. Many companies hire Flutter developers as there is a high demand for this framework that allows cross-platform app development and a feature-rich application with exceptional user experience capabilities. You can build apps from scratch or add to existing ones either for mobile, or web.  As a startup, it is integral to your success that you hire the right flutter developers for the development of mobile applications so in this article we will discuss factors to consider including skills and expertise the flutter developers for hire need to have.

Why to hire Flutter developers?

You need to consider why you want to hire flutter developers and not developers in other app development frameworks. Whether it is to save costs, scalability, or other features, you need to make sure flutter is the preferred option to achieve your business goals. You can also look for Flutter app development company.

Hire Freelancers or A Software Development Company

When you’ve decided how flutter fits into achieving your business goals as a startup, you need to decide where you want your talent pool of developers to come from. You can either hire freelancers, build an in-house team or outsource your software development. As a startup having an in-house team is more difficult so usually, startups choose between freelancers and outsourcing to a software development company. Both choices have their merits and downsides with freelancers being flexible and relatively cheaper, while software development companies tend to produce high-quality expertise and experience with good continued support and maintenance of your project. You outsource to companies within and outside the country with countries like Ukraine, India, and others being preferred options for outsourcing mobile app development.

It is also important to note that if you’re hiring a freelancer, or outsourcing a software development company, it is important to confirm their expertise by checking reviews and previous projects to be sure they have the necessary skills in developing mobile applications. 

Knowledge of programming languages and frameworks

Any flutter developer(s) you hire must be very knowledgeable in the development of native apps in Android and iOS.The framework has been around for less than 5 years so it is difficult to find those experienced for many years but being possessing existing Android development skills, knowledge of MVC architecture, Java or Kotlin, React Native, Xamarin, JavaScript, AngularJS and ReactJS will help adapt to flutter seamlessly. These are industry standard frameworks and fundamental skills which means knowledge and working experience in them is important. A flutter developer must be skilled in cross-platform application development so that you can reach a larger base.

App Design

User experience and user interface design are critical elements of any mobile application development. When hiring Flutter app developers, it is important to choose a team of developers that can make the front-end and back-end operations work seamlessly while following the correct guidelines. They’ll also be able to make maintenance of the application smoother by integrating automation processes for maintenance. The developers must create an app that appeals to the users in appearance while delivering a seamless user experience.

Costs

You have to consider the costs of developing the app. Before hiring a developer, you need to know the developer’s cost and how it fits into your budget. However, price should not make you settle for developers with no expertise as it will be a bad investment when your app lacks the quality to bring in a good return on investment. So, understand your budget, the industry average and hire expert developers that will get the job done within your range. 

Post-development Support and Maintenance

This is one of the advantages of hiring a software development company. There are several ways to hire Flutter developers as there are many talented freelancers and companies that provide these developers. services. You will be able to include post-development maintenance of the application in your contract which is important as the developers have more knowledge of your application and what works well with it. Activities such as testing, fixing of bugs, and general support will be available to you after the development and release of the app on different platforms

4 Best Kids Beginner Coding Languages

Like we communicate using different languages worldwide, computers also use languages to communicate with us, thanks to advanced technology. Coding programs allow us to convey instructions to robots and computers to communicate with us effectively. When you want your kid to learn how to code, you should ensure that they start at an early age. This will help them grasp the concepts involved while developing other essential life skills like problem-solving

How do we communicate with computers – the answer is coding!

Computers use coded language to receive, execute and communicate with humans. To understand and help the computers to interface with us, we write instructions that they obey and act upon. These instructions are called programming languages. 

When your kids learn how to use programming language from professional learning platforms like YaizY, they gain a lot of knowledge while sharpening other meaningful human skills. The company also provides STEM, innovation, entrepreneurship and design courses for kids too, so be sure to check their website out!

However, back to coding! Some of the best coding languages that can offer your kid the best programming foundation are:- Scratch, Java, Python, and Lua. But how do you choose which coding language to start off your kid in programming? Every language coding has its operating system, style, and the intended use, so it’s essential to choose wisely to help your child more effectively.

Here are the best coding languages for kids

1. Scratch

Scratch is an excellent foundational program language because it helps kids to understand most programming concepts. These concepts include variables, loops, functions, conditionals, and lists. The concepts provide the kids with an understanding of when and how to create a code for their algorithms.

2. Python

Python has a kid-friendly user interface and a unique, text-based coding language. It is easy to learn because it’s more readable and intuitive. This makes it a perfect tool that is suited for 6-year-olds and above. It’s a seamless resource that follows up more visual, block-based coding programs geared toward pre-reading audiences. Python is so popular because it impacts real skills for the future.

3. Java

Though it comes with a more complex-to-learn interface, it is one of the best foundational programming languages for kids. Once kids have learned how to code using Java, all the other programming languages will be more accessible for them to learn. Java coding system is also reliable since some of the best platforms hosting millions of users worldwide were programmed using Java.

Good examples of these platforms are Gmail, which was created by Google and Twitter, respectively.

4. Lua

Lua is a text-based language that is perfect for introducing kids to text-based coding. It’s easy to learn, use, and embed into applications. Some of the most popular games, like the Angry Birds game, are based on Lua. Additionally, Roblox Studio, which is another favorite kids’ coding platform, uses Lua.

Conclusion

Though there are countless programming languages that you can choose from when you want your kid to learn to program, the above four languages can significantly place your kids on a journey to success in computer programming. They have a kid-friendly interface that makes it easy to learn since they incorporate fun while learning.

Call for papers May 2021

We, at IJR, initiate a call for research paper in all areas of science, engineering and technology every month.

Send papers for publication to ijr@ijrjournal.com

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The History Of Urban Planning 

Humankind has been on the constant journey of uplifting their standards of living. This species is known to carefully analyze its surroundings and bring about the required changes for maximum betterment.  

For an improved strategy that helps lead lifestyles, it is essential to pay extra attention to crucial aspects. One such significant section is urban planning. It is a process that requires examining and strategizing the proper use of elements like water, land, resources, and so forth.  

In simple terms, it is related to curating an infrastructure that is best suitable for a sustainable lifestyle. In this article, we will learn about urban planning and some of the essential segments of its history. 

What Do You Understand By Urban Planning?  

As mentioned above, urban planning is related to curating a fruitful infrastructure that clearly defines the vital resources available to humankind. Urban planning is both a technical as well as a political process that requires ample amounts of knowledge. 

The history of urban planning stretches to that of human existence. To carry out excellent urban planning, one requires appropriate information regarding engineering and architecture. Moreover, this field also needs adequate audience participation. Thus, it is essential to instill utmost discipline while dealing with urban planning. 

Pre-Classical Era 

The pre-classical era witnessed several cities being laid down according to a strategic plan. Many of these cities tended to develop organically over time. Some of the most prominent cities designed in this period were Harappan, Minoan, and Egyptian civilization. If we talk about the first recorded urban planning description, it goes back to The Epic of Gilgamesh. 

The streets of many cities known to humankind were built and laid out in the forms of rigid right angles and grid patterns. Some archaeological evidence also suggests that many houses were designed to shield from the noise and improve the standard of living. Additionally, most of the homes have their very own water well. This suggested the remains for sanitary purposes. Furthermore, some archaeologists also interpret that these cities had well-organized drainage systems as well as agricultural land. 

Medieval Europe  

The disintegration of the west Roman empire dates back to the 5th century. Since then, the general improvement is noted to have appeared in the 10th and 11 centuries. This time was interpreted as politically stable and economically beneficial. It was then when trade and craft flourished, and monetary benefits were revived in the economy. During this era, hundreds of towns were built. Moreover, many of the pre-existing towns were expanded. Without a doubt, these new towns have played a significant role in maintaining the geographical structures of Europe. 

The Era Of Industrialization 

The late 19th century saw a boost in the industrial sector. This was a result of the rapid population growth, business enterprises, frequent profits, and so forth. Giant cities developed during this era, and a subtle exhibition of luxury as well as poverty was observed. The growing status difference led to the rise of corruption as well as the poor sections of society like the slums, etc., saw a rise.  

The poor standards of living resulted in poverty, and that posed a threat to society. Since then, individuals have started to focus on the betterment of public health. This was followed by the creation of better and strategic plans for water supplies, sewage, and so forth. 

Soon, the first housing reform was enacted in the late century. However, the implementation was slow and steady as the government provided funding after a long gap. With housing improvement, new and erect structures were observed in the economy. These were more stable and improved standard of living. 

Progressive Era 

The progressive era saw the need for urban recreational planning. It was during the early 20th century structures like parks were built. These places were created with the motive of providing relief and peaceful places for relaxation. A little time later, numerous playgrounds started to emerge that facilitated a dedicated area for children as well as adults. Soon the separation of roads was also witnessed. There was a specific section for all the pedestrians as well as the vehicular traffic. This provided more structure as well as rigidity to the society.  

Benefits Of Urban Planning  

Urban planning plays a major role in the social-economic level as a political connection of the society. This type of planning requires the proper utilization of resources in order to extract maximum benefit from them. Below, we have mentioned a few benefits of urban planning, depicting its importance in today’s society. 

1. Connectivity  

Urban planning resulted in better connectivity of towns, cities, neighborhoods, and so forth. This resulted in enhanced land values of the well-connected cities. Furthermore, it also resulted in enhancing people’s safety as well as security. This is so because urban planning facilitated better surveillance and prominent health benefits. 

2. Adaptability  

The proper use of urban planning increased the capacity of buildings as well as neighborhoods and thus led to an adequate use of spaces. This, in turn, increased the adaptability of land resources. Therefore, urban planning resulted in more fruitful use of economic spaces like buildings. It promoted the diverse use of public spaces and encouraged individuals to utilize non-renewable resources for better living standards properly. 

3. User participation  

Improved urban planning boosted the public consultation process. It encouraged individuals to participate in urban design projects and give their opinions through numerous surveys and design workshops. Therefore, planning promoted user participation. This, in turn, boosted a proper fit between users as well as the urban design. The participants were encouraged to come out and give their opinion about the effective use of resources. This boosted the decision-making process and provided a sense of participants to the individuals. 

4. Better standards of living  

Urban planning directly affected the standards of living. Increased use of urban planning emphasized a more realistic approach in society. This led to the enhancement of economic spaces. Therefore, urban planning encouraged more audience participation in cultural as well as community activities. Better standards of living also meant several health benefits along with strategic use of the public space. Furthermore, urban planning also resulted in the enhanced personal safety of individuals. 

Conclusion  

Urban planning has played a significant role in the betterment of the standards of living. Additionally, urban planning has been a part of society for a very long time now. 

After carefully examining the various aspects of urban planning, we have briefly summarised the entire information in the above-mentioned article. We have talked about urban planning, its various elements, along some benefits. We trust that this article would be beneficial and provide you with adequate information related to urban planning.