Writing this post for obvious reasons. We are in such a horrible situation where people think twice to come out of their home even for daily/basic needs, and these people don’t even think before keeping exams. Future of the country they call’s but there future exist or not they don’t care, they have no concern over the lives but what matters to them is exams., yes exams are important and if the situation were normal then students may have written no doubt. But why make a fuss over here, this is not the right time to ignore the pandemic and focus more on the exams. Its cent percent true that exams are only the basis on which ones future gets decided as per our education system but in that case there should be future. Who do you think will take the responsibilities of students if they get infected. Many are jobless as of now and are not able to afford transportation, many are out of town, they are struggling to get back to their home town while you are making hype among the students to write exams.

Wow, I mean I am blown by the decisions of various universities, state boards who without any second thought making every possible arrangements. This looks as, if students didn’t write these particular exams they will be loosing very valuable thing. As myself being a university student they are constantly asking for the payment of the examination fee, I mean seriously will these people stop bragging about exams and concentrate on how to save people and they should not involve with each other in any case.

Even if somehow students get to the examination centre, are they sure that they will not mingle with each other before and after the exam. No matter how hard they take precautions from their side but there are double the chances that students may get infected. We students aren’t searching for reasons to avoid exams, if that would be the case why we would have wrote the previous exams. And writing one more would not have hurt our ego but this does because we students prefer our lives more than exams.

PS:- Lastly no offence. This is just my concern over the necessary topic which is taken too much to be heard by the officials.

Amid the tensions of the world pandemic, (the ‘Novel Coronavirus’)all at once changed in our lives, as if the time has stopped and we all have been taken into thinking that everything would sank back and our lives would become monotonous and dull. But thanks to our technology, the rapid growth of the science community that our lives have been eventually saved, despite all the worries and abominable thinkings of getting stucked at our houses. And surprisingly, we were and are still able to connect to our nearest and dearest ones.

This boon of technology massively profited the professionals and people engaged in tertiary sector to try and get back to the track of life through virtual meetings, so to say webinars;the idea of work from home which was only associated with big MNCs and IT companies now became one of the major revolution in the country like India. But this revolution also approched to every little child who always tried and escaped from going to school. And here comes the irony, children enjoyed taking these virtual classes more seriously contrasting with the adults who thought it has been a punishment to them, to manoeuver both home as well as offices at the same time. Talking about the children who eventually grew desire to attend these online classes, we unopposedly can come to a conclusion that they must have taken such an interest because of the following-:

Having the smartphones in their hands make them look that they are busy and tend to be the apple of their parents’ eyes.

Since it’s a common tendency of today’s adults, who are parents to make their child busy by providing them the weapon called the smartphone, and as a result their child sinks into the world of their own creation and stop being a burden on them.

Online learning or e-learning is one the new trial for all of us to ease the learning process and provide more of the information in short period of time. It will be definitely and surely a worthy experience to start a new initiative and promote more of virtual learning in the near ffuture-government is doing so by starting “Diksha for school students and EVidya Programme for college going ones-. While we could appreciate the sudden rise in the desire of studying in the students, we can also not forget the children of remote areas who pay off a good amount to study in cities but could not afford a good internet connection back in their homes. What about them? It is one of the big question that has been heated all over the country. Although we find that most of the students do not face a big deal with attending these virtual classes, still many lack at the village and remote levels.

A recent incident of a girl from the state with almost 100 percent of the literacy, i. e. Kerala is evident enough to show us that we are still somewhere lagging behind. Although she had the access and Kerala government did a great deal by starting a channel to ease the pain of poor students, but then her blind will to study online made her sacrifice her life.

The agitation of students protesting against online exams is no less a situation which is to be taken no notice on, since it flooded over all over the internet.

Although it’s one of the effective methods for the coming future and will bring more and more students on a digital platform. But for now the problem lakhs of children are facing is inevitable, and cannot be ignored but has to be repaired. The addiction to our smartphones and the desire to grab this new method on has also made the situation to get worsen.

Following the footstep of his counterpart Donald Trump, President of Brazil Jair Bolsonaro has warned to quit the World Health Organization (WHO) unless it ceases to be a “Partisan political organization.” 

The president said “I tell you here, the United States left WHO, we are considering it in the future (…). Either WHO works without ideological bias, or we are leaving it too.”

“We don’t need outsiders to give their feelings about health here,” he told reporters in Brasilia.

All over the world, around 4,02,428 people had died because of the coronavirus Pandemic since it emerged last year in China. This pandemic affects every nation among those nations European countries are affected very much.

 Brazil ranks third among the European countries with total deaths of around 36000, while this figure has crossed 1,00,000 in the USA.

Governments of all over the world are focused on resuscitating economies, which has declined due to the lockdown of several months. 

 Suspension of the clinical trial of the drug hydroxychloroquine –

Accusing WHO as the puppet of China, last month US President Donald Trump also announced to take back US membership from World health organization.

 Mr. Bolsonaro criticized WHO for suspending clinical trial of the malaria drug hydroxychloroquine and warned to pull out of World health organization like US President Donald Trump.

Earlier the study published in The Lancet, can not answer the question of whether hydroxychloroquine can help the patient fight Covid-19 or not, and with the use of this drug the death cases increase or not. But a recent study found that those patients of Covid-19, treated with hydroxychloroquine drug had a higher risk of death than those who didn’t take it.

The WHO has also changed the guidelines on the face mask and asks to loosen the social distancing.WHO spokeswoman Margaret Harris said that a key criterion for lifting lockdowns was slowing transmission and asks to loosen the social distancing.

“The epidemic, the outbreak, in Latin America is deeply, deeply concerning,” she told a news conference in Geneva. 

The positive cases all over the world are increasing every day. Coronavirus infected almost 6.7 million people and 4 lac deaths globally.

Every Nation is trying to recover from this pandemic after risking its economy into the deepest recession since the great depression of the 1930s.

This impacted even the country with the largest economy. The US with 1.9 million the highest number of COVID-19 positive cases and 1 lac death Mr. Trump is trying to bring the economy on the track again.

Mr. Trump also said the economy was bouncing back. “We had the greatest economy in the history of the world. And that strength let us get through this horrible pandemic, largely through, I think we’re doing really well,” he told reporters.

India a country which is never behind the other countries have once more proved it that they won’t stay behind anyone. But this time it’s for the wrong cause. India has climbed the ladder of the worst affected Corona countries rather rapidly and now it’s already on the 5th position. Even though precautions were told to be taken still people didn’t obey all the rules set up by the government which would be said as the major cause for increase in cases. Doctors and all the medical staff and working day in and day out but still the fight is yet to won against Covid 19 and even though India has crossed Italy and Spain in the ladder there is still 4 places from which we have to take care so that India doesn’t climb this ladder so soon.

English literature refers to all the works that are written in English language.Literature of a country actually depicts the social,economic and political background of that country and gives the vivid idea of the changes that take place over the years. .Starting from short stories or novellas to novels and dramas,English literature is considered to be vast and huge and at times a bit tough to grasp.In order to understand English language and literature one has to study it deeply by reading its history,different English writers and their work.
Studying English language and literature does not simply mean reading English writers. While studying English language and literature we see that there are different periods and these periods show different ages through which English literature has evolved. These periods give profound information about the background of English literature and how it has changed. The different periods are given below along with their years:-
450-1066 – Old English [also known as Anglo Saxon Period]
1066-1500 – Middle English Period
1500-1600 -The Renaissance
1558-1603 -Elizabethan Age
1603-1625- Jacobean Age
1625-1660-Commonwealth PeriodPeriod
1660-1785- The Neo classical Period
1660-1700-The Restoration
1700-1745-The Augustan Age[Age of Pope]
1745-1785-The Age of Sensibility [Age of Johnson]
1785-1830-The Romantic age
1832-1901-The Victorian Period
1848-1860-The Pre Raphaelites
1880-1901-Aesthetism
1901-1914 -The Edwardian Period
1910-1936-The Georgian Period
1914- The Modern age
1945-Post Modernism
Now,the English writers were born in these periods and they have written mesmerizing masterpieces that has contribited to make English literature what it is today.The different periods along with the writers that are born in that age along with their famous writings are discussed in a nut shell.
During the Anglo Saxon Period, the Norman Conquest took place in 1066 and after the Romans left in 410,the British population became open to the inroads of the invaders from the north. Many of the poems of this age have the features which are associated with the pagan past, namely Widsith and Beowulf. Among all the Old English poets we find the direct mention of Caedmon. The name of another poet is Cynewulf. We get to know about him because he had signed his poems in runic letters at the end of four poems. Many of the prose and poetry have been translated from Latin. The works for translation were the books of Bible., the lives of the saints and many works of practical nature. Regarding the manuscripts, only a portion has survided. The theme of the poem Beowulf is Continental German.’Widsith’ is considered to be the oldest poem in English language which consists of 150 lines of verse. In the poem a traveller, considered to be more imaginary than real recounts the places and the illustrious people that he had visited. From the historical point of view the porm is very important. ‘Waldere’ consists of two fragments and is of sixty lines and talks about some of the exploits of Aquintaine. Again ‘The Battle of Maldon ‘describes the battle that took place in 993 and’ ‘The Battle of Brunanburh’ is a piece based on the war of of 937. Then there are some elegies like ‘The Wanderer’, ‘The Seafarer’, ‘The Wife’s Lament’and ‘The husband’s Message’ that are found in the Exeter Book.
The Middle English Period is considered to be the period of transition and of experiment. And most of the surviving works are poetry. Poetry of Middle English can be classified unto three groups:-
(1) Chronicles-
(a) Layamon’s Brut-It was written in 1205 by Layamon and it has sixteen thousand alternative lines about the history of Britain from the landing of Brute to the death of Cadwallader.
(b) Robert of Gloucester-He is known for his rhyming chronicle.
(2) Religious and Didactic poetry-‘The Ormulum’ was witten by Orm in 1200,of enormous length(ten thousand lines even incomplete) It was written in North East Midlands dalect.
(3)”The owl and the Nightingale’ is propably written in the eary part of the 13 th century.
The alliterative poems include ‘Pearl’,Purity’, ‘Patience’. Moreover there are numerous romances concered loosely or closely with King Arthur-‘Arthur and Merlin’, ‘Morte d Arthur’, The matter of Rome, ‘Matter of France’
One of the famous writers of this period is Chaucer. He was born in 1340 in London. His literary career was divided into 3 periods-French, Italian and English.One of his most famous works is ‘Canterbury Tales’
Beast epics were also found during this age like ‘The fox and the Woolf’,Chaucer’s’The Nun Priest’s Tale”.Pier’s the Plowman’ is an allegorical poem written in old alliterative meter in the later part of 14 th century. The author is taken to be William Langland.
The Renaissance was started in Italy specially in art and architecture. Renaissance signified the adoption of humanist philosophy.It was the beginning of the modern world in the areas of geography ,science, religion, politics, society and art. London became the capital city of England. New literary genres such as essay(Montaigue), new metrical forms such as sonnets (Petriarch) and Spenserian stanza actually made their appearance. The dominant art forms of the English Renaissance were literature and music.
Spenser is considered to be one of the finest writes of Elizabethan age. ‘The Shepherd’s Calender’ was published in 1579 and this had marked his formal entry as a new poet. He is considered to be the first modern poet to exploit true poetic resources of English language. Again John Donne belonged to the school of Metaphysical poets.. He was born in 1573 in London. He had written satires like ‘Of the Progress of the Soul’.’Songs and Sonnets’is Donne’s love poem. His poems are extremely personal and reveal a complex being for example ‘Extasie’, He had written 19 holy sonnets and his prose include ‘Sermons’, ‘The Pseudo Martyr”During the Elizabethan Age we also find some poets who were called The University Wits. This group consisted of writers like Christopher Marlowe whose works include ‘Dr. Faustus’, ‘Jew of Malta’, ‘Tanburlaine the Great’., Thomas Nash whose only surviving play is ‘Summer’s Last Will’ and the Testament’. Another work is ‘The Unfortunate Traveller’, Thomas Lodge who collaborated with Shakespeare in ‘Henry 4’, Robert Greene, George Peele who used to write in blank verse and Thomas kyd whose most famous work is ‘Spanish Tragedy’. Ben Jonson is another famous writer and his most successful play is ‘Man in His Humour”. Shakespeare is one of the finest English writers and his famous works include’The Merchant of Venice’, ‘Romeo And Juliet’, ”Hamlet’. John Milton’s famous writing ‘Paradise Lost ‘ is considered to be a masterpiece.
During the romantic age emphasis was given to self expression and emotions.The famous Romantic writers include Wordsworth, Coledrige, Byron, Shelley, Keats. Wordsworth was born at Cockermouth and his famous works include’Prelude’ and ‘Daffodils’. Coleridge was born in Devonshire and some of his most famous works are ‘Kubla Khan’ and ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’One of the most famous writings of Shelley is ‘Ode to the West Wind’and Keats’s most famous works include’Ode to a Nightingale’ and ‘To Autumn’.
The victorian age can be considered to be the age of peace. Some of the famous Victorian writers are Jane Austen, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, William Blake.E.B.Browning has written ‘The Seraphim and Other Poems’ and ‘Sonnets from the Portuguese’. Tennyson was born in this age and some of his works are ‘Ulysses’,’The Princess’ etc. Christina Rossetti was a Victorian woman poet and her most famous collections ‘Goblin Market and other poems ‘appeared in 1862.It received widespread critical praise. She has also written a book of devotional prose called’ The Face of the Deep’.
Some of the modern day poets include Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes. Moreover Virginia Woolf who has written ‘To the Lighthouse’ and T. S. Eliot who has writen The Wasteland’ are considered to be the greatest modernist writers.
To conclude English Literature is the amalgamation of beautiful masterpieces written by exceptionally talented writers who have given their thoughts a character, emotions a life and imagination a shape.. There are various genres and sub genres and the history of evolution of English literature is itself the evidence of its richness.