Internet is the major part of our day to day life, infact all are dependent on the smart phones excessively. Moreover almost everything is possible through the smart phones these days. It doesn’t seems longer that what technology will serve us in the coming time. There are such inventions which will blow our mind and we didn’t even know those gadgets exist. Sooner or later most of the things will be replaced by the qualifying technology and one can imagine what will be the circumstances. Robots may take places of many professional and non professional fields. They will be more skilful than us! There are both the pros and cons of having everything online. It’s basically on the person how one uses it!
Now, when we talk about online then one should not forget to consider online learning. Yes E-learning is what we are talking about. Even everything is online available on internet it is us who should use that skillfully. It takes dedication and determination to learn online because Internet is something which has ‘n’ number of things available and we may get distracted easily. Hopefully there are many courses available online and we have a great opportunity in our hand to learn them and get skilled and its the right time as we are quarantined. Many of us prefer face to face coaching as its convenient and we will be focussed, and there is no question of getting distracted as lecturers directly catch hold of us. But as the courses are free online and we can sit anywhere as per our convenience then its again not a big deal and to earn something one should lose something, What more one can ask for. As of a youtube video I heard there will be 4 skills which will be in the hype in the coming years.
Those are content writing, public speaking, 2d or 3d video editing, animation. One should try these skills, people are earning in lakhs from these and will have the good scope!
Charles dickens famous lines “it was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope , it was the winter of despair”…seems to be articulated with todays period what we are witnessing. The innovated globe of world developing at its full pace showing the output of best technologies and practices to transmogrify the this mankind civilization tending to make it the the most Intellectual the most forward the most advanced Planetary species. But at a sudden stroke an unknown intruder ‘covid-19’ without any weapon without any corporeal shook the most advanced civilization the countries which considered to be medically advanced compelled to fold its wings of high flying. The civilization which had purposed CRISPR cluster regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is the most advanced gene editing technology, Artificial organs ,wireless brain sensors , even mankind in this era produced clones and perform multitudes of technically advanced and innovative medical solution falters against ‘Covid-19’ we seems to be like helpless before it. And this helplessness caused many sufferings destroying and degrading many lives across the globes tolls of deaths and infected ones surging day by day and instead of doing something to control or to stop it we can do only the thing and that is expressing griefs and grievances for the loss and sufferings this civilization is facing. The civilization which had might and capabilities to convict the nature and its life forms surrendered under lockdowns. This is an irony those who considered themselves to be ‘Autocratic’ are put under Quarantine for months. for many it is the spring of Hapiness who are with their families, but for someone who is struggling even to witness the face of their beloved ones is a season of dryness struggling miles daily with a hope to touch their homes and shelter. Announcing packages brings little hopes for the Poor at least they can have one or two time bites to feed their bellies. Money transfer and ration transfer for every poor worker and farmer through Jan Dhan Bank Account, Kishan Samman Niddhi Yojna etc. gives a little support and hopes for living when Every employment providing manufacturing unit was at standstill. Stimulus package Of 20 lakh crore brings hopes and support for MSME’s etc. Amid of all these hopes and supporting hands the idea of returing of prawasi majdoor and others seems to be foolish under meager number of cases people prohibited to route their destiny to their homes but now when tools are growing with emblematic growth rate doors for Journeys to their homes are opened. People Struggled miles barefooted on cycles through rickshaw to head their journey to their homes and when they were about to reach their homes everything had opened this brings a contradiction that it might be conducted in the beginning when country got a slight indication. Reverse migration had commenced people had lost their jobs there is no hope for more livelihoods manufacturing units are on standstill industries outputs are folding Analysts purposed a significant shrinkage in GDP Forecast for forthcoming financial year. A country which was supposed to be the most energetic because of its demographic dividend falter to produce employments. And apart from these wisdoms and foolishness The ‘social Animal’ broke its adhesive power with its companions by performing social distancing this is the most tragic moment we had witness and therefore “it was the the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair….”
Coronavirus (COVID-19) has created a history for the coming generation. 2020 will be a part of history in coming next years. A small virus has shaked off the world. Everyone has a fear in their mind of coronavirus. The whole world is deserted due to lockdown. It caused death of lakhs of people in the world. It is named COVID-19 as:- CO – Corona Vi – Virus D – Disease 19 – because it came in 2019 It started spreading from China and to grip the whole world. In starting, its cases were less but as the time passes, it spread all over the world. It is an infectious disease which can cause the death of a person. If the immune system of a person is better, then they can fight against it. Mainly, it attacks the lungs, but it can also strike anywhere from brain to toes. It spreads when a coronavirus infected person comes in contact with a healthy person. Coronavirus has caused lakhs of deaths, which will be a history for furure. The whole world is affected by it. The government of every country has shut down all their works. The system of world has been shaked off. It has ruined the economic conditions of whole world. It has affected many of the big countries that have best health facilities. As compared to whole world Italy and America who have an excellent health and economic system are not able to fight against it. In Italy coronavirus caused thousands of deaths and in America, deaths reached upto 1 lakh which is very intimidating. It has affected many countries like China, Britain, America, India, Italy, Iran and many other. The government of India imposed lockdown at the right time. If India was not locked down, the condition of India would also became as other countries. The health facilities of India is not too good, but it has a very good control over it. Coronavirus in upcoming years, will be read as a history in the books because it has created a scary scene in present life. Everyone has a fear to come out of their houses. It has spoiled the life of many people who are living on thier daily wages. These are very difficult days for them. Many of them died due to hunger. Due to lockdown they have nothing for labouring, so they can’t get wages and food. It is the most struggling time for them. No one knows that when they will have no fear from coronavirus and the whole world is engaged in making the vaccine of coronavirus. So to be safe, stay at home.
Over the past few years, a number of education boards have come up in India, each with its own syllabus and grading system. This has happened because education falls in the tertiary list and is the shared responsibility of the centre as well as of the states. CBSE, CISCE and NIOH are the central boards with CBSE having the maximum number of affiliated schools. There are various state boards like Bihar and UP Board, Kerala Boards, Assam Boards and many others. Some of the top schools in India are also affiliated to international boards like IB and Cambridge International.
All these education boards have their own pros and cons. While one can argue that the syllabus for sciences are more or less the same, it differs a lot when it comes to social sciences and literature. State boards give more preference to vernacular languages and local history whereas the central and international boards have fondness towards English and other foreign languages. The history taught in CBSE focuses on pan India topics like freedom struggle, ancient empires, world wars etc. India is a diverse country with an equally diverse population and this justifies the existence of so many education boards. However the problem arises when students from all these boards apply for higher education in colleges of universities like the Delhi University.
Delhi University has cutoffs for admissions into most of the streams from English to Journalism. These cutoffs are based on marks scored by a student in their respective board exams. Bihar and UP boards are difficult and have stricter marking scheme as compared to CBSE or Kerala Board. ICSE board is tougher still. So, a student scoring 98% in CBSE might have the same aptitude as a student scoring 82% in Bihar board. The one scoring 98% will clear the high cutoffs of the colleges of Delhi University. An inequality also exists within the boards, as students from state boards are considered inept as compared to students coming from ICSE or CBSE. Parents are also confused and often feel pressurized to send their kids to CBSE or ICSE affiliated school, assuming that these schools provide better education. The rich can easily afford these schools but the poor cannot, resulting in further deepening of the inequalities. So even education has not remained the great leveler that it once was.
It is high time that the governments, intellectuals, teachers and civil societies come together and brainstorm ideas so that they can come up with a solution for all these issues. Let’s hope that the draft National Education Policy 2019 recognizes and addresses these concerns.
Brihadeswara Temple is temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. It was built by Raja Raja Chola I, between 1003 and 1010 A.D. It is the part of UNESCO World Heritage site. The temple entrance, or Gopuram as its is locally called, is 30 meters in height. This temple is the largest temple with the brilliant work done by the Indian Architecture. This temple shows the power of Chola rulers that is Raja Raja Chola I.
Architecture-
For the construction of this temple around 1.3 lakh tons of granite was used. With 66 meters high, the temple tower Vimana is the largest towers on the earth. In 11th Century, Tamil People completed its first major irrigation network for movements of goods, to control water flow and for agriculture. It is also said that about 3000 elephants were used to bring these stones from far away. Also inside the temple a figurine structure of bull or Nandi is made up by a single rock carving at the entry of Brihadeswara Temple. No cement, plaster or adhesives were used between the stones. For making up of this temple Tamil people used puzzle technique as one stone is placed on another stone, to lock it.
Comparison And Specialty
London’s Big Ben and the Leaning Tower of Pisa are tilting with time. But the glory of Brihadeswara temple still remains beautiful. This temple stands straight even after 1000 years. The reason behind this is the base of the temple which is very wide. The width of the base has kept the structure straight over the years. Another specialty of this temple is that it was made without digging into the earth which means it was built on a plain land. There were no cranes or power machinery to lift the stone to such a height. Wondering how they manage to place this single stone on the top of the Gopuram? And for that to the top of the temple tower they made a ramp of around 6 kilometers long. With the help of Elephants, horses, bulls and laborer’s who together carried the stone.
Festivals–
However, it is also a site of annual dance festivals around the Mahashivratri. Around 10 days artists as well as regional teams performs classical dances at this Brahan Natyanjali festival. The Thanjavur Maratha royal family is currently administering and managing the temple glory. For devotees temple provide free meals and wayfarers on daily basis. Also Brahmins were particularly invited and fed with the meals during the Hindu festivals. Many people are employed in the temple for which they are given wages, roles and names. These people mainly are of priests, lamp lighter, washer man, tailors, jewelers, potters, carpenters, dance guru, dancing girls, both male and female singers, musicians, superintendents of performance artists, accountants. Wages are divided between the land distributions. It is one of the most visited temples by tourists in Tamil Nadu. This fascinating architecture is still appreciated by everyone.
“1000 years, 6 Earthquakes, Still Standing Strong.”
Like an endless loop of strings, E-learning opens up multiple avenues for the students to choose from the comfort of their homes. Through E-Learning students in India can do varied courses offered by Harvard University ranging from a programming course such as CS50’s Introduction to Game Development to a social sciences course such as American Government: Constitutional Foundations. Universities and their invaluable courses continents away can be accessed easily without the unnecessary hassle of the physical presence in the classroom.
E-Learning has brought varied courses around the globe in the comfort of one’s own house. E-learning has been successful in bridging the quality of education that one can access in the developing nations. It is a more economical and appeasing form of education in world crises such as the raging Covid-19 pandemic. It has ensured the unhindered transfer of knowledge when one is unable to be physically present in classrooms. Schools and colleges have taken up E-Learning to ensure social distancing is not an issue they have to deal with so they can solely focus on the quality of education imparted to the students.
Despite its many perks, E-Learning also has its fair share of drawbacks. It is often difficult to cater to and overlook the progress of the students online which would have been a far easier prospect in the in-classroom mode of education. There are different challenges such as poor internet connectivity in the remote places and often the underprivileged do not have access to proper electronic devices. Some struggle with technology and thus are often unable to have a seamless E-Learning experience.
Though it is not without its fair share of challenges, E-Learning has been successful in the re-moulding the education system for the better. It is undoubtedly the mode of education for the future. It has been successful in providing affordable education to people in the different corners of the Earth. It has enabled some institutes to do without the physical infrastructure and additional costs that come along with maintaining physical classrooms.
There are several applications like Zoom, TeamLink, Google Meet, Duo etc which are being used by teachers and institutes to impart lessons to the students. The dangers of video lessons can be seen in the multiple instances of hacking and misuse of these applications. Data are stolen by hackers of the users of the application who misuse the data to their own fruition. The applications should be secured from hackers for seamless usage and to ensure that the users can operate it without any fear of their account being hacked.
E-Learning may, however, lead to a loss of jobs for a majority of people who used to assist in the seamless functioning of the brick and mortar classrooms. Publishing houses may suffer as learning moves online resulting in a sharp decline of hard copy textbooks. Publishing houses too shall have to adapt and move their publications online. Small publishing houses may fade away with time. The implementation of the proper 5G network would ensure an immersive learning experience. Physical libraries are slowly becoming defunct with even libraries uploading their content online. Information is available to Scholars very easily. Research has become easier than before. Some people have found it hard to cope up with the technological advancements while some have become unemployed with technology replacing manual labour. However, technology has changed the world for the better and made our lives easier. We should embrace technology as an inseparable part of our lives.
It’s been seventy three years from the day we got independent on, i. e. 15th August 1947 and we have achieved every heights of success which our leaders and freedom fighters wished for. People have sank into a more humanitarian approach rather than blindly believing into the facts and the follies which their religion has provided them through oral transmissions, and long narrative hyms over a long period of time. Althoug there still exist such a people who do not find it a good idea to leave behind the essence of what our legendary elders and policymakers have left behind.
Indian culture then-
It was in 1500 B.C. when human civilization in India get back on its track and adopted new techniques and the other modes of earning for their livelihood. And it was only back in that period of time when scriptures such as Rigveda,Dharmasutra and Dharmashastra were being written by the literates of this country, and society undergone several changes;they became more concerned fortheir religion and religious practices, followed every path of the Brahmanas who were then the superior of all the four vranas and eventually discovered a perpetual lifestyle for themselves.
Gradually they started worshiping a numerous number of major and local deities, such as Indra, agni, etc. And it all resulted into whole of a superstitious society. But the situation was not tensed back then until the country turned into a secular state.
Indian culture now-
As soon as we (Indians)moved to a more secular state, the feelings of inferiority, superiority also rose to a level that it turned into communal riots and the feeling of disrespect and disbelief in their own religion. Though the article 25 of the Constitution of our country provides us with the feature of –
Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagationof religion.
And therefore there couldn’t have been any complications in following any religion,but the real problem lies within the society itself,they unseeingly follow their religion. And that is the reason people have moved to a humanitarian approach to follow their culture. They try and stick to the core of their religion and are not tricked easily into believing the obnoxious imposture of their own religion and some of the cultural beliefs.
The tough tug and war between the early religious practices and today’s approach towards these practices is endless. And, though most of the people have moved on into thinking their culture and religious beliefs as hoax, there’s something original in those religious books and practices which still binds millions of Indians together, also providing to us a quality of facts that abidingly focus on human progress.
Covid 19 is something that has shattered the whole world. No body was prepared for it. Corona virus or covid 19 has affected different sectors very badly. When it comes to India’s growth it has gone down to 3.1% according to the ministry of Statistics. According to the World bank along with the rating agencies India’s growth has touched its lowest figures and is in worst state since last three decades.CRISIL has already announced that India is perhaps going to see the worst recession in the coming days since it has got its Independence. Unemployment is becoming a very big issue in India.Within a month of lockdown the unemployment rates rose from 6.7% to 26% and 14 crore people approximately lost their jobs. The business sector got affected very badly. The supply chains were kept on hold and at first there was a big confusion regarding what is ‘essential’ and what is ‘non essential’. Due to the restrictions made by the government this sector has witnessed a lot of loss as well. In the agricultural field the farmers suffered from fear and anxiety. They were not able to bring their produce for sale to the market. They couldn’t cut their crops as well. Their future became absolutely uncertain. Daily wage workers and private sectors were at high risk of facing loss and have to take special measures like work from home etc. Major companies in India such as Larsen & Toubro, Bharat Forge, UltraTech Cement, Grasim Industries, Aditya Birla Group,BHEL and Tata Motors had to slow down their operations for some days. Due to uncertainty and lack of demand, the stock markets also collapsed. Many companies unwillingly had to cut down the salaries of the employees and many employees were asked to leave. The live event companies had also said that they have suffered a loss of more than 3000 crorers. The small businesses and small scale industrues suffered a lot.. The airlines,markets hotels, big shopping malls were completely closed and people have witnessed unemployment in these sectirs as well. The Central and State government, both has taken various steps to cover up the loss. Various measures were taken and many scemes were declared sarting from food security and funds for healthcare for different states. Income tax return dates were extended and Electricity and telephone bill submission dates were also extended. On 26 th may some relief measures were declared for the poor and the most suffering sections of the society. On 12 May the Prime Minister of India announced an overall economic package of ₹20 lakh crore (US$280 billion),10% of India’s GDP, with emphasis on India as a self-reliant nation. (Atmanirbhar). Indian government also announced relief measures in the areas of GST ,Customs & Central Excise, Corporate Affairs, Insolvency &Bankruptcy Code (IBC) Fisheries, Banking Sector and Commerce. About 800 million people are going to get free cereals and cooking gas along with cash through direct transfers for three months.The Prime Minister of India has already told and thought of setting up an Economic Task Force to devise policy measures to tackle the economic challenges . In conclusion I would like to say that covid 19 has affected the world very bady and though the situation is bad still our governments, both Central and State are working on how to recover from this economic crisis that has arised globally.So this is the time for each one of us to join hands and fight this virus and try to contribute as much as we can. We must believe that we are not alone in this and we shall be able to ovecome this situation very soon. Lets take the pledge to listen to what our governments are saying and try to contribute and maintain the lockdown.
Apple has awarded with the patent which allows the users to take group selfie maintaining social distancing.
During the time of this pandemic, when social distancing is a necessity Apple has won a patent that would allow different users to take their selfies and combine them with the other selfies of their friends without being at the same place at a time.
This method allows users to rearrange themselves in a single frame of the selfie.
If you are a selfie lover then this news could excite you. This patent discusses a method to allows different users to combine the selfies with that of their friends’ selfies in a single frame.
Social distancing has become a part of our daily lives due to COVID-19. As per the norms of social distancing at least 6 feet distance should be maintained between two persons. We can’t go out during this period with our friends and family for fun. So, we can’t take a group selfie.
But Apple has a solution to this problem of not taking a group selfie. Two years ago a patent has been filed by this Tech giant to ease the process of group selfie.
What is a synthetic group selfie?
A Synthetic selfie is a combination of different users’ selfies taken from different sources, at different places merged in a single frame, by maintaining social distancing.
Still, it is not clear that this feature will be available on iPhone, iPad or both.
participants of this selfie need not be at different places necessarily. Selfies taken at the same place or nearby places can also be combined with this method.
Not only in this situation, but also in general this patent is very useful.
Friends and family members who are at a long distance can take the advantage of this feature.
By this method- while taking selfies an option of group selfie will appear on the screen of the person who takes a selfie. The user selects that option to take his/her selfie. Then invites the other users to take their selfies or select from the existing one.
Each person will take a selfie on their phone and send it to one phone on which the selfies will assemble into a group selfie.
The software then combines the different selfies by adjusting the background to look like it is taken at the same place. The phone will use an AirDrop feature to send photos to the main device.
The pictures included in the individual selfies can be ” still images, stored videos, or live streaming images.”
The different participants in the group can also adjust their positions, like if someone wants to be at the front or back of the selfie then they can modify once the selfie has been taken and compiled.
This patent is not filed in the response of following the social distancing norms. But this has been filed in July 2018.
Apple just has been awarded the patent only its implementation is yet to be done. Like other technology companies, Apple also files for many patents but not every patent changes into the software.
The branch of law which binds two or more parties with a legal obligation to perform or not perform an act in place of consideration flowing from all the parties is ‘Law of Contract’.[1] In India, the Indian Contract Act, 1872 governs this branch of law.[2] It defines and explains different aspects of a contract, how an agreement becomes a legit contract, the consequences of a breach of contract, the performance of the consideration and remedies on the violation. Any transaction to be a legally binding contract needs to have three essential elements. Offer flowing from a party, its unqualified and absolute acceptance from the other party and intention to enter into a legally binding contract.[3] Section- 2, which is the interpretation clause of The Indian Contract Act, defines these aspects of a contract. [4] It explains what all things constitute a valid agreement which becomes a contract with the force of law. To better the understanding of the formation of a contract, in this article, the author will analyse a given fact scenario to understand the proper proposal and its acceptance.
FACTS
“‘A’ visits a small shop to buy a notebook and a pen. ‘B’ is the shopkeeper. ‘A’ enquires about the price of the pen and the notebook. ‘B’ states that the notebook costs Rs. 50 and the pen costs rupees Rs. 15. ‘A’ agrees to buy the notebook for Rs. 45 and the pen for Rs. 10.”
ISSUES
Was ‘B’ by quoting the price of the notebook and the pen proposing an offer?
If so, then, ‘A’ agreeing to purchase the items on a different price an acceptanc?
ANALYSIS
Whether quoting the price of the notebook and pen constitutes a valid offer by ‘B’?
“When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, to obtain the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal or an offer”.[5] As from the facts, it is clear that ‘A’ just enquired the price of the notebook and pen to which ‘B’, the shopkeeper, just quoted the price which does not show his willingness to sell the said items and “when a person proposes an offer it should be sufficient enough to form a contract as soon as it is accepted”.[6] In other words, one must put the offer in such a way that whenever the offeree accepts the offer, a legit contract is formed. In the present case, even if ‘A’ would have agreed to purchase on the said price, it would not have resulted in a valid contract because B’s quotation was merely an answer to an inquiry made by ‘A’. ‘B’ did not quote the price with the view to obtain the assent of ‘A’ and, also, as in the case Harvey v. Facey[7] when the plaintiff (Harvey) telegraphed the defendant (Facey) that will he be selling him ‘Bumper Hall Pen’ and asked Facey to communicate the lowest price, the court held that it was a mere inquiry made by Harvey. This inquiry was just to know whether Facey was willing to sell and, if so, at what price. The price, i.e. £900, quoted by Facey, was not an offer to sell the ‘Bumper Hall Pen’ it was just an answer to the question asked to him by the plaintiff. The same thing happened in the case at hand. It was a statement and not an offer.
‘A’ agreed to buy items at different price. Whether it is a valid offer? If not, then, what is it?
In the preceding paragraph, we saw how the quotation by ‘B’ is not an offer. Therefore, there cannot be any acceptance by ‘A’ on it. However, ‘A’ did agree to purchase the items at different pricing. This quotation made by ‘A’ can be considered as an offer. As now he quoted the price intending to purchase and get the assent of ‘B’ to make it a valid contract between the two. Section 2(b) of the Indian Contract Act defines acceptance.[8] As per the definition, ‘B’s approval will be a valid acceptance. Such turn of events is in pari materia with facts of the case Harvey v. Facey.[9] When Harvey agreed to buy at a different price, it deemed an offer, if Facey had accepted it, it would have been a valid contract.
CONCLUSION
“A valid offer must be addressed to one or more specific persons, be sufficiently definite, and indicate the offeror’s intention to be bound in case of acceptance.”[10] From the instant case scenario and analysis of the issues, it is evident that the quotations given by ‘B’ did not constitute an offer; instead, it was a mere statement. Whereas, ‘A’ clearly made an offer, which will, with the absolute and unqualified acceptance by ‘B’, become an agreement”.[11] Hence, the contract is yet not formed in the given case scenario. To conclude, for a valid offer, the offeror must portray the proposal in such a way that if the offeree accepts it, there arises a contract. He should make it in a way to get a yes or no response. However, if the offeree does not accept and quotes different price or puts conditions, then it will not amount to a valid acceptance. It will either be a counter-offer or an unqualified acceptance which is not correct as per the sections in the Act.
[1] J. Beatson, Anson’s law of contract, 1 (28th ed., 2002).
International Journal of Research (IJR) 