Mahatma Gandhi, byname of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, (born October 2, 1869, Porbandar, India—died January 30, 1948, Delhi), Indian lawyer, politician, social activist, and creator who have become the chief of the nationalist motion in opposition to the British rule of India. As such, he got here to be taken into consideration the daddy of his country. Gandhi is across the world esteemed for his doctrine of nonviolent protest (satyagraha) to acquire political and social progress.

In the eyes of tens of thousands and thousands of his fellow Indians, Gandhi become the Mahatma (“Great Soul”). The unthinking adoration of the large crowds that accrued to peer him all alongside the path of his excursions made them a intense ordeal; he should infrequently paintings in the course of the day or relaxation at night. “The woes of the Mahatmas,” he wrote, “are recognized handiest to the Mahatmas.” His reputation unfold global in the course of his lifetime and handiest extended after his death. The call Mahatma Gandhi is now one of the maximum universally diagnosed on earth.

Youth

Gandhi become the youngest infant of his father’s fourth wife. His father—Karamchand Gandhi, who become the dewan (leader minister) of Porbandar, the capital of a small principality in western India (in what’s now Gujarat state) beneathneath British suzerainty—did now no longer have a great deal withinside the manner of a proper education. He become, however, an capin a position administrator who knew how to influence his manner among the capricious princes, their lengthy-struggling subjects, and the headstrong British political officials in power.Gandhi’s mom, Putlibai, become absolutely absorbed in faith, did now no longer care a great deal for finery or jewelry, divided her time among her domestic and the temple, fasted frequently, and wore herself out in days and nights of nursing on every occasion there has been illness withinside the family. Mohandas grew up in a domestic steeped in Vaishnavism—worship of the Hindu god Vishnu—with a sturdy tinge of Jainism, a morally rigorous Indian faith whose leader tenets are nonviolence and the notion that the entirety withinside the universe is eternal. Thus, he took without any consideration ahimsa (noninjury to all residing beings), vegetarianism, fasting for self-purification, and mutual tolerance among adherents of diverse creeds and sects.The instructional centers at Porbandar have been rudimentary; withinside the number one faculty that Mohandas attended, the kids wrote the alphabet withinside the dirt with their fingers. Luckily for him, his father have become dewan of Rajkot, every other princely state. Though Mohandas sometimes gained prizes and scholarships on the nearby schools, his document become at the entire mediocre. One of the terminal reviews rated him as “right at English, truthful in Arithmetic and vulnerable in Geography; behavior very right, awful handwriting.” He become married on the age of thirteen and for this reason misplaced a yr at faculty. A diffident infant, he shone neither withinside the lecture room nor at the gambling field. He cherished to exit on lengthy solitary walks whilst he become now no longer nursing his through then ill father (who died quickly thereafter) or assisting his mom together along with her family chores.He had learned, in his words, “to perform the orders of the elders, now no longer to experiment them.” With such intense passivity, it isn’t unexpected that he need to have long gone via a segment of adolescent rebellion, marked through mystery atheism, petty thefts, furtive smoking, and—maximum surprising of involved in a boy born in a Vaishnava family—meat eating. His childhood become probable no stormier than that of maximum kids of his age and class. What become first-rate become the manner his younger transgressions ended.“Never again” become his promise to himself after every escapade. And he saved his promise. Beneath an unprepossessing exterior, he hid a burning ardour for self-development that led him to take even the heroes of Hindu mythology, along with Prahlada and Harishcandra—mythical embodiments of truthfulness and sacrifice—as residing models

India is most diverse destination in the world . From old palaces in Rajasthan to beaches of Goa, from soothing north east to scenic beauty of west, from adventure tourism of Kashmir to the southernmost tip of Indian subcontinent, kanyakumari , from high mountain ranges to sandy deserts, you name it and INDIA has it all. So, today I will be talking about 10 travel destinations across INDIA . Let’s begin:-

1. First Of course has to be the Taj Mahal , situated on the south bank of Yamuna river in the city of Agra. One of the 7 wonders of the world, it is a white marble large tomb built in 1632 by a Mughal emperor. It was also designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1983.

2. Now, let’s talk about the capital, the heart of India , New Delhi. It is full of rich diversity of places to explore, discover and learn. The Red fort or Lal Qila is a must visit historical fort . Qutub Minar , this 72.5 meter high tower has to be in your bucket list .Mixture of different architectural styles , this is the world’s tallest brick tower . Lodi Gardens, the first garden tomb on the Indian subcontinent that is Humayun’s tomb , Gurudwara Bangla Sahib ,Lotus temple are some of the places you will love in Delhi.

3. If you are a nature lover & attached to biodiversity, you must visit the states of North East India. From green valleys of Manipur , to the view of snowcapped mountains of Sikkim and by the way just to inform you the third highest peak in the world, Kanchenjunga is also visible from this State. The breathtaking beauty of Nagaland & the peaceful , calm nature of Mizoram will surely make you fall in love with the place.
4. If you are someone who loves history, rich culture , different traditions and cuisines, trust me Rajasthan is the place for you. Beautiful monuments, historical forts , Royal palaces of kings, it has everything.
5. And how can we not talk about the most visited religious place of the world that is Golden temple in Amritsar where everyday about one Lakh people are fed food with reverence .
6. My sixth destination has to be the beaches of Goa . After traveling so much who doesn’t want to chill and relax for some time and what’s better than relaxing by the side of a beautiful beach.
7. One of the finest rock cut caves you will ever see in your life is the Ajanta and Ellora caves in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.

8. How can you not visit the city of dreams or Mayanagri when you are in Maharashtra? Yes , you got that right I am talking about Mumbai. The Gateway of India, Taj palace ,Sanjay Gandhi National Park & Red carpet wax museum are some of the best places to visit here.
9. If you love hill stations , you will love the enthralling experience SHIMLA has to offer. The scenic beauty will leave you mesmerized and is worth watching.
10. And last but not the least ,has to be Kerala in the down south. Lush green vegetation, beautiful landscapes and natural beauty of Kerala is sure to leave you in splits.

Being the most diverse country of the world , India is home to many travel destinations. Here , I have mentioned just 10 of my favourite beautiful places , but there are many more which are beyond the scope of this article.

The basic obligations were introduced into the Indian Constitution by the 42nd Amendment. There are 11 basic obligations of Indian citizens written in accordance with the moral, ethical and cultural codes of conduct that people should follow. Duty is educational in nature and directs citizens to act in good faith and honor. Basic obligations essentially mean the moral obligations of all citizens of the country, and today in India 11 basics written in Part IVA of the Constitution to promote patriotism and strengthen India’s unity. I have a duty. Originally, India’s basic obligations were not part of the Indian Constitution, but were added by the Constitutional Amendments of Articles 42 and 86. The list of basic rights and obligations and the guiding principles of national policy are part of the Constitution of India, detailing the obligations and rights of the Indian people as well as the essential obligations of the state to the people. Just as all citizens have equal rights, there is also the same basic obligation to uphold other rights (as set forth in Article 21) and not infringe those rights. One cannot expect to enjoy all the privileges and freedoms under the law without fulfilling the basic obligations.

Detailed definition of basic obligations-

Basic obligations were established in 1976 by the Swaran Singh Commission, established by Indira Gandhi shortly after the declaration of a national emergency to study and amend the Constitution. Added. The committee was chaired by Sardar Swaran Singh, India’s longest-serving trade union minister. Based on his recommendations, the Government has incorporated several amendments to the Constitution, including the preamble up to the 42nd Amendment, which includes the basic obligations of the Indian Constitution. However, by the 86th Amendment in 2002, the original 10 duties were then increased to 11, under Article 51A, Part IVA of the Constitution of India.

The 10 fundamental duties are as follows:

1.To oblige with the Indian Constitution and respect the National Anthem and Flag 2.To cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired the national struggle for freedom

It was retired English civil servant,A.O.Hume,who mobilised leading intellectuals of the time and, with their corporation, organized the first session of the Indian national Congress at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay in December 1885. As a prelude to this, two sessions of the Indian national conference had being held in 1883 and 1885, which had representatives drawn from all major towns of India.Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose were the main architects of the Indian national conference.The first session of the Indian National Congress was attended by 72 delegates and presided over by Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee.Hereafter,the Congress met every year in December,in a different part of the country each time.

Some of the great presidents of the Congress during this early phase were Dadabhai Naoroji,Badruddin Tyabji,Pherzoeshah Mehta,P.Anandacharlu,Surendranath Banerjee,Romesh Chandra Dutt,Bal Gangadhar Tilak,Sisir Kumar Ghosh,Motilal Ghosh,Madan Mohan Malaviya,G.Subramania Aiyar,etc. In 1890,Kadambini Ganguly,the first woman graduate of Calcutta University,addressed the Congress Session,which symbolised the commitment of the freedom struggle to give the women of India their due status in national life. There is a theory that Hume formed the Congress with the idea that it would prove to be a `safety valve` for releasing the growing discontent of the Indians.To This end,he convinced Lord Dufferin not to obstruct the formation of the Congress.

The extremist leaders like Lala Lajpat Rai believed in the `safety valve’ theory.Even the Marxist historian’s ‘conspiracy theory’was an offspring of the ‘safety valve’ notion.For exampleR.P. Dutt opined that the Indian National Congress was born out of a conspiracy to abort a popular uprising in India and the bourgeois leaders were a party to it.

Aims and Objectives of the Congress

The main aims of the Indian National Congress in the initial stage were to:

(i)found a democratic,nationalist movement (ii)politicise and politically educate people.

(iii) Establish a movement headquarters.

(iv) Promote friendly relations between nationalist politicians in different parts of the country.

(v) Development and dissemination of the idealism of anti-colonial nationalists.

(vi) Develop and precede the general government’s requirement to unite people around a common economic and political program.

(vii) Foster and promote and nurture Indian nationhood.

The opinion that education should be free for everyone is quite a controversial subject. The reason behind this controversy is an enormous expenditure invested by governments as well as private sectors in this particular field. Therefore, it’s hard to state that this viewpoint of not charging for education could become very beneficial for the country and their economic growth.

Education is the process of acquisition of knowledge, values, skills, morals, beliefs, habits, personal development etcetera. This is the method to facilitate an enlightening experience via teaching, training, research, discussion etcetera. Education is a give and take process the more we spread the more we build our knowledge and wisdom.

If we look back to History then we’ll notice about the partiality of the education system such as poor societies didn’t have had rights to afford knowledge and caste-racism was always being there. Moreover, only fortunate communities have the opportunities to avail the education . The mentioned illustration create chaos in the well- being society and it’s diverted many talented pupils taste of the glory of success, pride. However in present era government enacted various rules and regulations with schemes which upholds the nation’s equality.

Today’s education system is pretty advance but bit a negotiable business as well. This is because in the 21st century of the education system provides not only the components of learning knowledge and building a career even though extracurricular activities are also presented there but in an expensive amount. As we know the education system working for raising of money not for raising the education. These indicates that we have again reached the same place where we had started yet the large area of the people in the society can’t afford a quality based education for their offspring’s to build their knowledge. The inability of individuals to save money to pay for kid’s schools, universities and tuition fees causes anxiety and stress for the middle class society. It indicates that the richness of the country doesn’t define a poor person’s woe. They doesn’t feel that they are enough able to produce their kid’s future bright with proper education.

However, the free of cost education system helps the availability of knowledge, skills, values, morals etcetera for everyone and with an adequate guidance they reach to the peak of success. Eventually nothing seems to be more beneficial to the economy than the intelligent nation. A few initial works such improvement will bring happiness to the entire country. The free access to knowledge works for underprivileged children to improve their quality of living style. Education is the basis of our successful journey.

There changed into infrequently any component of the Indian economic system that changed into now no longer modified for higher or for worse for the duration of the whole length of British rule right all the way down to 1947.

The financial rules accompanied via way of means of the British caused the Rapid transformation of India`s economic system right into a colonial economic system whose nature and shape had been decided via way of means of the desires of the British economic system. In this admire the British conquest of India differed from all preceding overseas conquests. The preceding conquerors had overthrown Indian political powers, however had made no fundamental modifications withinside the country’s financial shape. They had progressively emerge as part of Indian existence, political in addition to financial.The Peasant,the artisan and the dealer had non-stop to guide the identical kind of lifestyles as before. The fundamental financial pattern, that of the self enough ruler economic system, were perpetuated.

Ruin of Artisans and Craftsmen-

The break of Indian Industries, mainly rural artisan Industries, proceeded even extra swiftly as soon as the Railways had been built. The Railways enabled British manufactures to attain and uproot the conventional industries withinside the remotest villages of the country. As the American writer, the D.H. Buchanan,has placed it, “The Armour of the remoted self-enough village changed into pierced via way of means of the Steel rail, and its existence blood ebbed away”. The Cotton-weaving and spinning industries had been the worst hit. Silk and woollen textiles fared no higher and a comparable destiny overtook the iron, Pottery glass, paper, metals,guns, shipping, oil- pressing, tanning, and Dyeing industries. The excessive import responsibilities and different regulations imposed at the import of Indian items into Britain and Europe for the duration of the 18th and nineteenth centuries, mixed with the improvement of current production industries in Britain caused the digital remaining of European markets to Indian producers of the 1820. The slow disappearance of Indian rulers and their courts had been the principle clients of the Handicrafts produced additionally provide a huge blow to those industries. “For instance, the Indian states had been absolutely depending on the British withinside the manufacturing of army weapons.”The British bought all their army and different authorities shops in Britain. Morever, Indian rulers and nobles had been changed as the ruling elegance via way of means of British officers and army officers who patronised their personal home- merchandise nearly exclusively. This extended the value of Handicrafts and decreased their ability to compete with overseas items.

Impoverishment of the Peasantry-

The Peasant changed into additionally gradually impoverished below British rule. Although he changed into now unfastened from inner wars,his cloth situations deteriorated and he progressively shank into poverty. The situation of the cultivators withinside the Ryotwari and Mahalwari regions changed into no higher. Here the authorities took the vicinity of the zamindars and levied immoderate land sales which changed into in starting constant as excessive as one-1/3 to one-1/2 of of the produce.Heavy evaluation of land changed into one of the important reasons of the boom of poverty and the deterioration of agriculture withinside the nineteenth century.

Ruin Of Old Zamindars and Rise of New Landlordism-

The first few a long time of British rule witnessed the break of maximum of the vintage zamindars in Bengal and Madras. The everlasting agreement in North Madras and the transient Zamindari agreement in Uttar Pradesh had been fast Harsh at the neighborhood Zamindars. But the situation of the Zamindar quickly advanced radically. In order to permit the zamindars to pay the land sales in time, the government extended their strength over the tenants via way of means of extinguishing the conventional rights of the tenants. The Zamindars now got down to push up the rents to the maximum limit. Consequently, they swiftly grew in prosperity.In the Ryotwari regions too the gadget of landlord-tenant family members unfold progressively. As we’ve got visible above, an increasing number of land handed into the fingers of cash lenders, merchants, and wealthy peasants who generally were given the land cultivated via way of means of tenants. One purpose why the Indian moneyed instructions had been eager to shop for land and emerge as landlords changed into the absence of powerful shops for funding in their capital in industry.

The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched . They must be felt within the heart . This is a quote by Helen Adams Keller, we all have read about her in our school textbooks but have you ever tried to go beyond what books taught you ? If no, then you must. Her autobiography titled “The Story Of My Life ” is a must read book not just because it inspires people in so many ways to get out of your comfort zone and hustle to achieve your goals and aspirations but also because it teaches us that no problem in this world is big if you are determined to tackle it. So, Let’s talk about 7 reasons why you must read Helen Keller’s autobiography :-

1. The book depicts the greatest lesson that is the value of PERSEVERANCE & HARDWORK. It talks about how a blind and deaf girl with her hard work and never giving up attitude is able to achieve what many would consider impossible. She says ” Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement .Nothing can be done without hope and confidence.”
2. Secondly , there is nothing impossible in this world. Only condition is- one must get association of able and right persons .She talks about her teacher ANNE SULLIVAN and says that it was her teacher who unfolded the mysteries of the world to her. She says ” When she came, everything about me breathed of love & joy & was full of meaning. She has never since let pass an opportunity to point out the beauty that is in everything , nor has she ceased trying in thought & action & example to make my life sweet & useful.”
3. Thirdly, a teacher can be a true guide & philosopher if he/she takes his/her job sincerely. And if he/she performs it honestly even mountains can give safe passage. Any teacher can take a child to the classroom, but not every teacher can make him learn. He will not work joyously until he feels that liberty is his, whether he is busy or at rest; he must feel the flush of victory & the heart sinking of disappointment before he takes with a will the tasks distasteful to him & resolves to dance his way bravely through a dull routine of textbooks.
4. Fourthly, a pupil must have unflinching faith in her teacher. Helen Keller says ” My teacher is so near to me that I scarcely think of myself apart from her . How much of my delight in all beautiful things is innate , & how much is due to her influence , I can never tell, I feel that her being is inseparable from my own ,& that the footsteps of my life are in hers. All the best of my belongs to her—there is not a talent , or an aspiration, or a joy in me that has not been awakened by her loving touch.
5. Fifthly, the only religion in the world is ‘the religion of universal love’. The sooner it is understood, the better it would be . She says ” The only thing worse than being blind is having sight but no vision”.
6. Sixthly, whenever stress and strain envelopes a person , he should look into his mind & try to understand the situation and devise ways to come out of it. She says ” Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened , vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved. Although the world is full of suffering , it is full also of the overcoming of it”.
7. Seventhly, one should not form on opinion which is unchangeable & staunch. One must be ready to undergo change & accept & adopt what is right & correct . Dogmatic attitude can never help. Very rightly said by her ” The highest result of education is tolerance . True education combines intellect, beauty, goodness, & the greatest of these is goodness . “

Last thing I would like to drive in your mind is that there are people in this world who have suffered so much , gone through a lot in their lives emotionally , physically sometimes mentally but they came out victorious only because of their hard work , dedication , and never giving up attitude. And may be Helen Keller has left us physically but her story will continue to inspire generations .