WHY MARKETING IS IMPORTANT

“Good things will happen when you listen to the consumer” this is a quote which attracted me when I was reading an article related to marketing research. The sentence is very small and the meaning is quite simple until you try to decode the real meaning behind this plain sentence. If someone will ask me to define Marketing, I will simply conclude,”Marketing is the process of identifying and understanding your customer, and building relationship with them“. This is what the above mentioned quote states, that your business will bloom, your organization will make profit and your customers will be happy, only if you will try to identify and tackle the needs of consumer/customer.Marketing isn’t simply a part of business, it is the business. It is rightly said that customer is the king, it the customer who make the business. So if you want your business to grow positively,you must listen to the customer. Marketing is all about doing business as per the consumers’ needs.The organization needs to be flexible if it wants to succeed in the market . The need, demand, taste and preferences of the consumer keeps on changing and the organization must work with it.

In the current scenario, where there are hundreds of options available for a product or service, why will the consumer chose you over others?This will happen only if he/she is your loyal and satisfied customer and how did he/she become loyal? It is because their needs and preferences were taken into consideration by the company.If you wish to survive in this competitive world, you must do marketing to a large extent and should try to increase the head count of your product. Some of the few reasons about why marketing is so important are discussed below:

Helps in sales : Well it is quite simple, marketing help us sell our products and services. The main objective of any business is to earn profit and marketing help you to achieve that goal.There is no doubt that your product is the best, but if people don’t even know about your offerings then how will you generate sales?

Helps in growth of business: While your current customers should always be your main priority but marketing will help you add more people as customers in your business.Small social media posts and marketing campaigns can not only engage your existing customers but will also help you spread your business to new potential customers.

Marketing helps in informing: Marketing increases customers’ knowledge about your product. Sure you know the Ins and Outs of your product but do your consumers? In this situations marketing helps to make customers familiar with you products.

Marketing helps in building reputation: Reputation is a deciding factor that whether your customers will reach out to you or not.Strong and professional marketing indicates that you are a reputable business.It can help you establish credibility, build trust and engender goodwill towards your company.

GOA

Reimagining  Goa was an experience that was soulful. Goa was like food for the soul. So quiet in contrast to the hip and happening place shown on any travelogue or advertisement. I never assumed that it would be such an enjoyable turnout. The lush green scenery was a feast for the eyes. Although it was a problem that we couldn’t get a driver given to the situation prevailing in South Goa due to the Taxi Unions which were very strong and did not allow Uber or Ola to ply. But that paved the way for my father to drive the car!  It felt good to drive alongside greenery and beautiful pristine waters and streams. I was at first perplexed to see the weird houses with roofs slanting and jutted out, but then I started to realize and recognize the beauty behind it. The colorful and energetic colors of the houses complimented the cheerful nature of the people there. The first day was a little troublesome as we had lost our way of trying to reach the sterling. Finally, when we did make it to our destination, it was worth the trouble. Starting from the view to the helpful staff, all of this made me feel like Goa was meant to be like a  home away from home. The first tour to the beach made a lasting impression as it was very soothing as well as peaceful. The white sands of the beach had a warm glow to it. Overall it was a very relaxing trip to the Varca beach. We ended our day by having an appetizing meal as well as a sound sleep.

For our second day in Goa we decided that wandering around the beach would be the safest bet for us as there were not many places we were familiar with. The second beach in Panjim was just like we had imagined, with the warm wind blowing lightly but strong enough to blow your sunhats away, we had a delightful time exploring every nook and crane. After sometimes as our appetites came back even after the large breakfast we had which included chole puri, cornflakes, and tea, we went to a nearby shack to satiate our hunger. All of us were amazed at the sheer size of the prawn and crabs that were being served to us and we couldn’t control our amazement even gasping at the sight of them. After a hearty meal, we decided to visit the famous Don Bosco shrine in Panjim Goa. Many would recognize it as the most sought after place for Bollywood movie shooting to take place. After relaxing in the afternoon, we got to hear that there was a small party to be held in the sterling resort that day, so we gathered on the lawn and started mingling with the crowds. The whole theme was giving a proper Goan vibe and we could feel ourselves enjoying to the fullest. The food was also delicious enough and had a variety of dishes. After the day came to an end, we retired to our respective rooms and had a goodnight’s sleep.

Will facebook Rival Instagram give tough competition to Tiktok after the launch of feature “Reels” in India

After the banning of Tiktok and 58 other Chinese apps in India, the demand for short video apps is increasing. This is the best time to grab this opportunity for the existing app companies as well well as to launch the new apps which provide a short video creation feature.

Though after the government banned TikTok in India other homegrown apps like ShareChat, Roposo, Chingari are also being used by the people of the country more, Instagram also takes the advantage of this situation and launches a feature of short video creation named “Reels”.

In Brazil, Germany and France are the countries where this feature is successfully tested. India is the next one.

This feature will be rolling out in India after 7:30 IST today. Just like IGTV, users will also have a Reels section on their profile page, where all their content can be viewed at once.

The feature Reels lets users create a video of 15 seconds or less. Users can also use creative filters on it, can share it beyond his/her followers. Similar to TikTok, Reels provide options like audio from Instagram Music library, speed, effects, and timer.

Shah says the product comes from the realization that 45 percent of videos on Instagram are 15 seconds or less. “We also realized that stories are not the only place where they wanted to share these videos as they wanted them to stick on for longer and be distributed beyond their followers,” he said in the video call.

The new feature lets users shoot video, add filters and music from Instagram’s catalog and share it beyond the platform. Users will be able to share Reels in Explore, and also on Feed with followers. There will be no monetization avenues for now.

To create Instagram Reels, a user would need to open the camera option in the app. After clicking on Reels from the bottom of the screen, the app throws up several easy-to-use tools to record and edit a 15-second video.

Creators can choose to use the in-app music tracks, or even use custom audio for their videos. There are also options to speed up or slow down parts of the video. There’s an Align option that helps creators maintain their position in front of the camera while recording multiple cuts in a single video. It also has an array of augmented reality effects that can be used to make videos more fun.

According to Facebook India Vice President and Managing Director Ajit Mohan, videos make up a third of all Instagram posts in India. Out of that, around 45 percent of the videos posted are of 15 seconds or less.

Calling Reels as the “future of entertainment,” Facebook’s Vice President of Product Vishal Shah said that the superior goal of Reels was to push Indian content creators and help them become potential “global stars.”

Instagram says that it has been working with popular content creators and public figures to populate Reels content. When the test starts rolling out, users can check out content posted by the likes of Ammy Virk (3.3 million fans on TikTok), Gippy Grewal (1.7 million), Arjun Kanungo (1.5 million), Radhika Bangia (5.4 million), RJ Abhinav (1.6 million) and Indrani Biswas aka Wonder Munna (630K subscribers on YouTube).

As of now, Instagram plans to learn more from the testing phase and from creators themselves. Monetization options are also expected to be introduced once Reels takes off in India. No official public rollout date has been announced yet.

Learning from planner performance

The planning community has amassed a large body of publicly available problems in a standardized input language and planners that accept the language. We seized this remarkable opportunity to collect data about how some of these planners perform on the benchmark problems. We analyzed the resulting data to learn about the state of the art in Classical planning.

Our analyses are retrospective, prescriptive and prospective. The first analyses are retrospective and prescriptive in that they characterize the problems and planners in terms of difficulty, diversity and trends over time. We statistically confirm that problem sets have become more difficult and that new planners are generally more capable. A visualization of planner success on domains shows how the domains distinguish performance. 

The second analyses automatically learn models of success and time for each planner. The models are constructed from easily extracted features of problems and domains and use off-the-shelf Machine Learning techniques. We find the models of success to be extremely accurate, but the models of time to be less so. They too are both retrospective and prescriptive in demonstrating the predictability of current planner performance.

In a third analysis, we apply the data to an existing explanatory model linking the relationship between the search space and planner performance. Our study validates previous results linking search topology with planner performance on a wider set of planners than the original study.

Finally, we fill in some gaps in observed performance of the benchmark problems by constructing new problems; these problems do turn out to be more challenging. This study of existing and new problems and planners is prescriptive and prospective in that the results should help guide researchers in comparatively evaluating their planners and suggest need for additional effort.

These analyses highlight the importance of problems in driving research in planning. We show how much can be accomplished with the available resources and point out how much more can be done by broadening the problems available and by learning from what has already been done.

“White holes – Real Or Hypothetical?”

Space has been a place of mysteries for humans ever since we have started studying it. Various phenomena happening in there and science related to it has always fascinated more and more to know much about the place we live in. These all ideas and researches have helped us increase our knowledge about space but still a lot is still pending to be found and various theories yet to be solved. We have heard about black holes and their power to let anything in and not let it out and how even light cannot escape it this is considered to be a destruction factor for anything which travels around it and thus gets into it. The significance of black hole was unknown until it’s provenance was recorded by scientists in 2017. So this has been a great discovery for us and various other theories which have been given by our scientist. 

But another theory which is till date considered to be hypothetical is the theory and existence of White Holes. White holes are entities with properties opposite to that of black holes. This means that instead of absorbing things and letting them into it, these holes push things out and resist anything to enter them. These consist to be hypothetical as their physical significance are still a doubt for the scientist. Physicists also question its existence since they believe that it doesn’t agree to the 2nd law of thermodynamics according to which the entropy of any object of something either remains constant or increases but does not decrease. But still many scientists believe that it could exist, which is because as we know that black holes do emit energy in the forms of radiations as given by Hawking’s radiation theory. So doing so they keep on losing energy and one day they get destroyed. “But the question is what next, what about the things gone inside it?”. This is where scientists think white holes form and during the death of black hole it converts into white hole and this gets everything out of it.It seems to be a valid theory and many scientists do believe in it. Also the story of how our space was formed is related to being from a Whitehole, like we know everything came out of a small dot and thus creates these things. It’s just a second thought on the big bang theory, but still scientist still doubt on its existence. 

But some pictures taken by nasa were fascinating and interesting which were related to what we are discussing about. In 2006 Nasa recorded a big supernova-like phenomenon some light years away with a time more than any other recorded till then. Soon after it was recorded that it just got lost leaving nothing behind. Scientists are relating it to be a white hole phenomenon.But assurity of these holes are still not found and also seeing the laws defined in our science, we do not see their existence. But also we know that many things in our space do not follow these rules and regulations and thus these holes may be one of them challenging our governed rules. 

So maybe in the future we would be able to visualize or see a phenomena of white holes at some distant light years with better technology and research work by our scientists and experts and thus we could convert another hypothetical theory into a reality. 

 

Chess

Chess - Wikipedia

Chess is a two-player technique tabletop game played on a checkered board with 64 squares orchestrated in a 8×8 network. Played by a large number of individuals around the world, chess is accepted to be gotten from the Indian game chaturanga at some point before the seventh century. Chaturanga is likewise the imaginable progenitor of the East Asian system games xiangqi (Chinese chess), janggi (Korean chess), and shogi (Japanese chess). The pieces expected their present properties in Spain in the late fifteenth century, and the cutting edge rules were normalized in the nineteenth century.

Three-player chess - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | Chess ...

Play includes no concealed data. Every player starts with 16 pieces: one ruler, one sovereign, two rooks, two knights, two religious administrators, and eight pawns. Each piece type moves in an unexpected way, with the most remarkable being the sovereign and the least ground-breaking the pawn. The goal is to checkmate the rival’s ruler by setting it under a certain danger of catch. To this end, a player’s pieces are utilized to assault and catch the adversary’s pieces, while supporting each other. During the game, play normally includes trading pieces for the rival’s comparative pieces, and finding and building chances to exchange favorably or to show signs of improvement position. Notwithstanding checkmate, a player dominates the match if the rival leaves, or, in a coordinated game, uses up all available time. There are additionally a few different ways that a game can end in a draw.

Pin on Chess Diary

The principal for the most part perceived World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, guaranteed his title in 1886. Since 1948, the World Championship has been managed by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE), the game’s worldwide administering body. FIDE additionally grants life-time ace titles to talented players, the most elevated of which is Grandmaster (GM). . FIDE likewise arranges the Women’s World Championship, the World Junior Championship, the World Senior Championship, the Blitz and Rapid World Championships, and the Chess Olympiad, a famous rivalry among global groups. FIDE is an individual from the International Olympic Committee, which can be viewed as acknowledgment of chess as a sport.[1] Several national brandishing bodies (for example the Spanish Consejo Superior de Deportes[2]) likewise perceive chess as a game. Chess was remembered for the 2006 and 2010 Asian Games. There is additionally a Correspondence Chess World Championship and a World Computer Chess Championship. Online chess has opened beginner and expert rivalry to a wide and shifted gathering of players.

Chess piece

Since the second 50% of the twentieth century, chess motors have been customized to play with expanding achievement, to where the most grounded programs play at a more elevated level than the best human players. Since the 1990s, PC examination has contributed essentially to chess hypothesis, especially in the endgame. The IBM PC Deep Blue was the primary machine to beat a prevailing World Chess Champion in a match when it vanquished Garry Kasparov in 1997. The ascent of solid chess motors runnable close by held gadgets has prompted expanding worry about cheating during competitions.

🔥 The King's Chessboard (Picture Puffin Books): David Birch ...

There are numerous variations of chess that use various guidelines, pieces, or sheets. One of these, Fischer Random Chess, has increased broad ubiquity and authority FIDE acknowledgment.

Magnus Carlsen | Facebook


Rules

By show, chess game pieces are partitioned into white and dark sets. Each set comprises of 16 pieces: one lord, one sovereign, two rooks, two diocesans, two knights, and eight pawns. The pieces are set out as appeared in the graph and photograph. The players of the sets are alluded to as White and Black, individually.

History: Lugano Open - www.chessdiagonals.ch

The game is played on a square leading body of eight lines (called positions, indicated 1 to 8 from base to top as per White’s viewpoint) and eight sections (called records, signified a to h from left to directly as indicated by White’s point of view). The 64 squares substitute in shading and are alluded to as light and dim squares. The chessboard is put with a light square at the right-hand corner closest to every player. In this way, each sovereign beginnings on its very own square shading (the white sovereign on a light square; the dark sovereign on a dim square).

Development

In serious games, the hues are allotted by the coordinators; in casual games, the hues are generally chosen haphazardly, for instance by coin throw, or by one player’s hiding a white and dark pawn in either hand and having the adversary pick. White moves first, after which players interchange turns, moving one piece for each turn (aside from castling, when two pieces are moved). A piece is moved to either an empty square or one involved by a rival’s piece, which is caught and expelled from play. With the sole exemption of en passant, all pieces catch by moving to the square that the rival’s piece involves.

Top Chess Engine Championship Wikipedia - induced.info

Moving is obligatory; it is unlawful to avoid a turn, in any event, when moving is hindering. A player may not make any move that would put or leave the player’s own lord within proper limits. On the off chance that the player to move has no lawful move, the game is finished; the outcome is either checkmate (a misfortune for the player with no legitimate move) if the ruler is under tight restraints, or impasse (a draw) if the lord isn’t.

How to Checkmate in 3 Moves in Chess: 7 Steps (with Pictures)

Each piece has its own particular manner of moving. In the outlines, the spots mark the squares to which the piece can move if there are no mediating piece(s) of either shading (aside from the knight, which jumps over any interceding pieces).

Candy Crush Saga

Candy crush saga for PC on Windows 7/8/10 and MAC with or without ...

Candy Crush Saga is an allowed to-play coordinate three riddle computer game discharged by King on April 12, 2012, for Facebook; different adaptations for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, and Windows 10 followed. It is a variety of their program game Candy Crush.

Candy Crush Saga Wallpapers posted by Zoey Sellers

In the game, players complete levels by trading shaded bits of treats on a game board to make a match of at least three of a similar shading, taking out those confections from the board and supplanting them with new ones, which might make further matches. Matches of at least four confections make exceptional confections that go about as catalysts with bigger board-clearing capacities. Loads up have different objectives that must be finished inside a fixed number of moves or constrained measure of time, for example, a specific score or gathering a particular number of a kind of sweets.

Level 1350 | Candy Crush Saga Wiki | Fandom

Candy Crush Saga is viewed as one of the first and best employments of a freemium model; while the game can be played totally through without going through cash, players can purchase unique activities to help clear progressively troublesome loads up, from which King makes its incomes—at its pinnacle the organization was apparently acquiring nearly $1 million for each day. Around 2014, more than 93 million individuals were playing Candy Crush Saga, while income over a three-month term as announced by King was over $493 million. Five years after its discharge on portable, the Candy Crush Saga arrangement has gotten over 2.7 billion downloads, and the game has been one of the most elevated netting and most-played versatile applications in that time span. Lord has since discharged three related titles, Candy Crush Soda Saga, Candy Crush Jelly Saga, and Candy Crush Friends Saga, and a large portion of the organization’s other versatile titles follow a similar Saga freemium group.

Candy wiki crush GIF - Find on GIFER

Candy Crush Saga is a “coordinate three” game, where the center ongoing interaction depends on trading two adjoining confections among a few on the gameboard as to make a line or segment of at any rate 3 coordinating shaded confections. On this match, the coordinated confections are expelled from the board, and confections above them fall into the unfilled spaces, with new confections showing up from the head of the board. This may make another coordinated arrangement of confections, which is naturally cleared in a similar way. The player scores focuses for these matches and gains logically more focuses for chain reactions. Additionally, making matches of at least four confections will make an extraordinary sweets that, when coordinated, can clear a line, segment, or other area of the board.

Guide:Candy Crush Saga Apk by Sunshine Doktorn - wikiapk.com


The game is part among numerous levels, which must be finished in arrangement. Each level represents an alternate test to the client, for example, accomplishing a base score in a fixed number of moves or freeing confections in a fixed number from moves to carry unique fixings to the base of the board. Sheets have various arrangements and may incorporate extraordinary spaces that have their own novel guidelines, for example, spaces secured with jam that must be cleared by making a match on that space.If the player meets the level’s objective, they will be given from one to three stars dependent on their score and can continue onto the following level. Else, they will lose one life and must attempt once more. On the off chance that the player comes up short on lives, they need to sit tight for some time of genuine time while their carries on with recover before endeavoring the level again. Completed levels can be replayed whenever wanted.

level 1161 candy crush - slubne-suknie.info

The game has been extended with various scenes, including a couple dozen new levels for every scene just as new ongoing interaction mechanics. Every scene has 15 degrees of ongoing interaction. In the game’s first significant development, the game included a different arrangement of levels in the Dreamworld. While levels had similar objectives, the players needed to adjust matches of confections of two arbitrarily chose hues to abstain from upsetting the dozing Odus the Owl; in the event that they did, the level was viewed as lost and the player needed to attempt once more. In the event that they gathered enough coordinated confections to fill a meter, the game would naturally actuate the Moon Struck force: the board was freed from all confections of those two hues, and the player increased a couple of turns of extra matches without expecting to adjust hues. After this, Odus came back to dozing and two new hues were arbitrarily chosen for the equalization. This proceeded until the player finished the level or came up short on turns as in the fundamental game. Dreamworld levels utilized an alternate arrangement of lives from the fundamental game, permitting the player to switch to and fro between these modes.

LEADERSHIP IN MANAGEMENT


As you know, management involves getting work done through the people and by virtue of their positions, managers can issue orders and instructions to their subordinates to get the work done, but it is also necessary to ensure that subordinates put in their maximum effort in performing their tasks and hence managers have to regulate and influence the subordinates behaviour and conduct at work and it is through the leadership role of managers that employees may be induced to perform their duties properly and maintain harmony in group activities. A manager, having formal authority, can direct and guide his subordinates and command their obedience by virtue of his positional power but as a leader, a manager can influence work behaviour by means of his leadership ability to get the cooperation of all members of the group. Leadership may be defined as a process of influencing group activities towards the achievement of certain goals. Thus, the leader is a person in a group who is capable of influencing the group to work willingly and he guides and directs other people and provides purpose and direction to their efforts and according to eminent writers Hodge and Johnson Leadership is “ Leadership is the ability to shape the attitude and behaviour of others whether in formal or informal situations” and According to Livingston Leadership is “ Leadership is the ability to awaken in others the desires to follow a common objective”.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LEADERSHIP

Managerial leadership mainly possess the following characteristics:

  1. Leadership is needed in all walks of life, such as economical, social, political and industrial spheres.
  2. It is the duty of the leader to maintain proper discipline among his subordinates.
  3. It is a continuous process whereby the manager influences, guides and directs the behaviour of subordinates.
  4. A true leader is responsible for including encouragement and confidence among employees of any organization.
  5. The success of a manager as a leader depends on the acceptance of his leadership by the subordinates.
  6. The manager-leader is able to influence his subordinate’s behaviour at work due to the quality of his own behaviour as a leader.
  7. The leader leads his group with authority and confidence.
  8. The leader establishes the relationship between an individual and a group around some common interest.
  9.  A true creates a bond of friendship between organization and subordinates.
  10. Leadership helps others in choosing and attaining specified goals to the maximum satisfaction of both the leader and the follower.
This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is management-vs-leadership.png

SOME IMPORTANT QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP

1. Knowledge and intelligence

 A leader, to be effective, must have knowledge of group behaviour, human nature and activities involving technical and professional competence. He must have an intelligent perception of human psychology and the ability to think clearly and argue cogently on points of dispute.

2. Integrity and Honesty

A leader should possess a high level of integrity and honesty and he should be a role model regarding ethics and values.

3. Motivation Skills

A leader should be an effective motivator and he should understand the needs of the people and motivate them through satisfying their needs.

4. Self-confidence

Confidence about one’s leadership ability makes it possible for a leader to analyse and face different situations and adopt a suitable style and Lack of self-confidence often prevents managers to adopt a participative style and repose trust in their subordinates.

STORAGE OF CIGARS

cigar should be stored at a temperature of 15 to 18
degree Celsius and a relative humidity of 65 to 70
degree. Drastic temperature fluctuations, dry heat,
smells damage the cigar. Cigars are best stored in
humidors. there are boxes made of Cider wood. A
damp pad is lined inside the lead of the box to
maintain humidity by moisturizing air if it is too dry.
If the climate is to damp. A dry pad will be used to
absorb any exercise moisture in the air. the box
has many sections each holding a different type
and size of cigar. Many cigarettes are individually
packed in metal tubes lined with Cider wood and
this tubes are seed that is, they are sealed tightly
to prevent the air from getting in.

PREPARING AND LIGHTING OF CIGARS

Preparing cigar for smoking and lighting needs
special attention which the cigar handlers must
understand . before the cigar is lit, the head of the
figure which has tobacco leaf cap must be opened
with the cigar cutter to allow the smoke to pass
through smoothly. A v shaped cut or straight cut
may be made according to the choice of the guest
which should be ask before cutting.
The cut should be smooth and clean and not too
large.
the foot and of the cigar is lit with the wooden
match or gas lighter but never with Sulphur or wax
coated matches or a petrol lighter which will spoil
the flavour of the cigar. The cigar should be
rotated while lighting and their should be slowly
drawn with gentle puffs. some guest warm the
length of the cigar with a lighted match before
which was used for sticking the leaves during
making of cigars a hundred or more year ago. The
practice of using that kind of glue was withdrawn long ago and the pinhead of gum used today is
odourless and tasteless. Hence this practice is
unnecessary

SERVICE OF CIGARS

The following steps are to be followed in cigar
service:
• Place a clean astray on the table
• Present the humidor from the left hand side of
the guest to select his / her cigar.
• Collect the cigar from the guest for
preparation.
• remove the selected cigar carefully, making
sure your fingernail does not touch the
wrapper of any of the singers, it is advisable to
place the cigar in such a way that it is easy for
the guest to pick up without touching any of
other cigar.
• take the cigar to the side board to prepare
according to the guest request.
• On the side board if the cigar is covered with
cellophane tube then open it.
• open the closed end of the cigar by making a
flat or a v cut with an appropriate cigar cutter
avoid using a knife or other equipment.
• tap the cut cigar over the side plate to remove
any unwanted / extra tiny particles. Present the prepared cigar on a quarter plate
from the left hand side.offer a light from
matchstick or a gas lighter. Light it gently by
holding the flame slightly away from the cigar.

PHOTOGRAPHING MOTHER

ABOUT THE POET

Tribhuvandas Purushottamdas Luhar, better known by his pen name Sundaram, (22 March 1908 – 13 January 1991), was a Gujarati poet and author from India. He was born on 22 March 1908 at Miyan Matar, BharuchBombay PresidencyBritish India. He completed his primary education in the local school of Matar and five grades in the English medium at Amod, Gujarat. Later he studied at Chhotubhai Purani’s Rashtriya New English School, Bharuch. He graduated in languages from Gujarat VidyapithAhmedabad in 1929. He started teaching in Gurukul at Songadh. He participated in Indian independence movement and was imprisoned for some time. He was associated with Jyotisangh, the women’s organization in Ahmedabad, from 1935 to 1945. He was introduced to Sri Aurobindo in 1945 and he moved to Pondicherry. He presided Gujarati Sahitya Parishad in 1970. He died on 13 January 1991.[1][2][3][4]

ABOUT THE POEM

The poem photographing mother by Sundaram shows the poet’s regrets and also the tragedy of the situation; of his mother’s sorrowful state of disease-ridden health and years of neglect. The photographer tries to be kind to the poet’s mother and calls her Ba. He tries to create her feel comfortable and relaxed and tells her to use caution to not blink. Even the slightest error would mean the waste of a plate and repetition of the entire procedure, The silver-tongued photographer fussing around his mother is barely doing his job unaware of her illness but his request to the poet’s mother has the other effects. The poet’s mother spent all her time doing the housework that she got no gratitude. Since she was passionate about her in-laws we are able to presume that she never protested. forgetting about her own problems she looked toward her children’s future. The poem is structured around the artificiality of the photograph and therefore the harsh reality during which the poet’s mother lives. The poet and his brother try and compensate their mother by trying to alleviate her pain and pleasing her in various ways which are shown within the poem as taking her bent show her town and therefore the palaces, parks, cinema halls, and theatres. But this just looks as if a measly token of appreciation. The poet doesn’t hesitate to require the blame partly for his mother’s condition and feels shame and regret as he sees her lifeless smile plastered on her mother’s face and lastly, it’s shown that s a memorial of affection, he takes her to the studio for s photograph for the last time.

The box-camera, because the name suggests, was basically an oversized box with a viewing
window at one end and therefore the lens at the opposite. Within the box was a sliding frame, which held
a ground glass plate and which the photographer could draw back and forth. The image could
be seen on this plate. Once the photographer had arranged the background and seated his
subject he would go under the black cloth with which the camera was covered. This helped
to keep the sunshine and adjust the main target. Since it had been out of the question to physically move the heavy
camera, the photographer would slide the frame back and forth until he was satisfied with the
result. What made his task harder was the actual fact that the image on the glass plate was
inverted. After that, he would cover the lens, replace the bottom glass plate with a glass plate
covered with a light-sensitive chemical like collodion, and so remove the duvet over the lens.