dhanushkodi-an abandoned town in india

Dhanushkodi is an abandoned town at the south-eastern tip of Pamban Island of the state of Tamil Nadu in India. It is south-east of Pamban and is about 24 kilometres west of Talaimannar in Sri Lanka. The town was destroyed during the 1964 Rameswaram cyclone and remains uninhabited in the aftermath.Dhanushkodi is on the tip of Pamban island, separated from the mainland by the Palk Strait. It shares the only land border between India and Sri Lanka, which is one of the smallest in the world at 45 metres (148 ft) in length on a shoal in the Palk Strait.

The National Highway completed the 9.5-km-long road – 5 km from Mukuntharayar Chathiram to Dhanushkodi and 4.5 km from Dhanushkodi to Arichamunai. Tourists can visit by their own vehicle and end up with Pillars of Ashoka. Until 2016, Dhanushkodi was reachable either on foot along the seashore or in jeeps.In 2016, a road was completed from the village of Mukundarayar Chathiram.A metre gauge railway line connected Mandapam on mainland India to Dhanushkodi. Boat mail express ran from Chennai Egmore to Dhanushkodi till 1964 when the metre-gauge branch line from Pamban to Dhanushkodi was destroyed during the 1964 Dhanushkodi cyclone.In 2003, Southern Railway sent a project report to Ministry of Railways for re-laying a 16 kilometres railway line to Dhanushkodi from Rameswaram. The planning commission looked into the possibility of a new railway line between Dhanushkodi and Rameswaram in 2010.

RUINMENT DONE BY CYCLONE IN 1964 AT DHANUSHKODI:-

The area around Ramehswaram is prone to high-intensity geomorphic activity. A scientific study conducted by the Geological Survey of India indicated that the southern part of Dhanushkodi facing the Gulf of Mannar sank by almost 5 metres (16 ft) in 1948 and 1949, due to vertical tectonic movement of land parallel to the coastline. As a result of this, a patch of land of about 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) in width, stretching 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from north to south, submerged under the sea.

On 17 December 1964, a depression formed at 5°N 93°E in the South Andaman Sea. On 19 December, it intensified into a cyclonic storm. After 21 December 1964, it moved westwards, almost in a straight line, at the rate of 400 to 550 kilometres (250 to 340 mi) per day. On 22 December, it crossed Vavunia in Sri Lanka and made landfall at Dhanushkodi on the night of 22–23 December 1964. Estimated wind velocity was 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) and tidal waves were 7 metres (23 ft) high.

An estimated 1,800 people died in the cyclonic storm on 22 December including 115 passengers on board the Pamban-Dhanushkodi passenger train. The entire town was marooned and the Government of Madras declared Dhanushkodi as a ghost town, unfit for living.

In December 2004, around the 40th anniversary of the deadly cyclone, the sea around Dhanushkodi receded about 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the coastline, briefly exposing the submerged part of the town before massive tsunami waves struck the coast.

Dhanushkodi - Wikipedia
The Complete Guide to Dhanushkodi in Tamil Nadu

PRESENT SITUATION:-

THIS TOWN HAS BECOME A SPOT FOR SEEING SRILANKA.ITIS WELL KNOWN ABANDONED ISLAND.SO THAT THIS AREA IS FOR BEACHES.

SEXUAL HARASSMENT

An act to be constituted as sexual harassment does not have to be sexual. Sexual harassment is any form of unwelcome sexual behavior that’s offensive, humiliating or intimidating. It can be written, verbal or physical, and can happen in person or online. It includes:

  1. Making physical contact without a person’s consent
  2. Making comments that have sexual meaning
  3. Asking for sexual favors
  4. Staring at someone
  5. Making sexual gestures
  6. Insulting with sexual comments
  7. Cracking sexual jokes
  8. Sexual assault

AFFECTS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

  1. Depression
  2. Stress
  3. Sleep problems
  4. Headache
  5. Lack of confidence and self esteem
  6. Lack of concentration

WHAT CAN BE DONE

  1. Be informed
  2. Talk to the offender
  3. Save any evidence
  4. Keep a diary
  5. Get external information and advice
  6. Tell someone
  7. Make a formal complaint

SEXUAL HARASSMENT OF WOMEN AT WORKPLACE (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal )  Act, 2013 It seeks to protect women from sexual harassment at their place of work. It was passed on 3 September, 2012 by Lok Sabha. It was passed on 26 February, 2013 by Rajya Sabha. The act came into force on 9 December 2013.

The introductory text of the Act is:

An Act to provide protection against sexual harassment of women at workplace and for the prevention and redressal of complaints of sexual harassment and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

WHEREAS sexual harassment results in violation of the fundamental rights of a woman to equality under articles 14 and 15 of the Constitution of India and her right to life and to live with dignity under article 21 of the Constitution and right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business which includes a right to a safe environment free from sexual harassment;

AND WHEREAS the protection against sexual harassment and the right to work with dignity are universally recognized human rights by international conventions and instruments such as Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, which has been ratified on the 25th June, 1993 by the Government of India;

AND WHEREAS it is expedient to make provisions for giving effect to the said Convention for protection of women against sexual harassment at workplace

COMPENSATION DETERMINATION

It is based upon:

  1. The mental trauma
  2. Pain
  3. Suffering
  4. Emotional distress
  5. Medical expenses incurred
  6. Loss in the career opportunity

DUTIES OF EMPLOYER

  1. Provide a safe working environment
  2. Display the penal consequences of sexual harassment
  3. Organize workshops and awareness programs at regular intervals for sensitizing the employees with the provisions of the Act
  4. Deal with the complaints
  5. Treat sexual harassment as a misconduct

CIRCUMSTANCES

The Act also provides the circumstances under which an act may amount to sexual harassment. These are:

(i) Implied or explicit promise of preferential treatment in her employment; or

(ii) Implied or explicit threat of detrimental treatment in her employment; or

(iii) Implied or explicit threat about her present or future employment status; or

(iv) Interference with her work or creating an intimidating or offensive or hostile work environment for her; or

(v) Humiliating treatment likely to affect her health or safety

CONCLUSION

Sexual harassment rate at workplace is high in India. There is a need to provide positive and safe environment at workplace. Security at work must be provided, New strategies should be made by the employers and managers to protect the organization from this evil. Separate laws should be made. a law dealing with sexual harassment would provide women immense support in their struggle. Women should not accept anything as it is because now it’s the time to speak out against all the injustice done to them.  

CYBER CRIMES

The era of nuclear warfare conceived the idea of a system which could even survive the devastation of nuclear weapons. “A post-apocalypse command grid” was the original idea for Internet -‘Bruce Sterling’ has stated. The idea of ‘internet’ was conceived in the early 60’s while a code for its regulation was mooted in late 90’s . This clearly brings about the reason for the complication of cyber-crime. Cyber-Crime may be said to be an act which violate netesthetics.

INTRODUCTION

The word cyber and its relatives are probably the most commonly used terminologies of the modern era. In the information age the rapid development of computers, telecommunications and other technologies has led to the evolution of new forms of trans-national crimes known as “cyber crimes”. Cyber crimes have virtually no boundaries and may affect every country in the world. They may be defined as “any crime with the help of computer and telecommunication technology”, with the purpose of influencing the functioning of computer or the computer systems.

The extent of loss involved worldwide of cyber crimes is tremendous as it is estimated that about 500 million people who use the Internet can be affected by the emergence of cyber crimes. Cyber crimes are a very serious threat for the times to come and pose one of the most difficult challenges before the law enforcement machinery Most cyber crimes do not involve violence but rather greed, pride, or play on some character weakness of the victims. It is difficult to identify the culprit, as the Net can be a vicious web of deceit and can be accessed from any part of the globe. For these reasons, cyber crimes are considered as “white-collar crimes”. To understand cyber crime as a significantly new phenomenon, with potentially profoundly new consequences, it is necessary to recognize it as a constituent aspect of the wider political, social and economic reconstructing currently effecting countries worldwide. This new technology not only provides opportunities for the profitable development of an international information market but has also raised the specter of new criminal activities to exploit them.

The very technology that enables multinationals to do business more effectively and challenge the individual controls and regulations of nation states, also offers the prospect of globally organized criminal networks. Moreover the free flow of uncensored information on electronic networks and web- sites is as attractive to insurgents and extremist groups as it is to dissidents proclaiming their human rights. Just as crimes have changed with the growth of information technology so have the categories of criminals who engage in such crimes. There are three basic categories of criminals who engage in such crimes, ranging from hackers, information merchants and mercenaries, to terrorists, extremists and deviants.

 Now speaking about the types of cyber crimes, there are divided mainly in four types; Financial, Privacy, Hacking and Cyber Terrorism. Financial crimes means the steal of money of the user or account holders. Likewise, the stole data of companies which leads the financial crimes. Secondly, Privacy crimes includes stealing the private data which leads to ruin the people and let them suffer by misusing their personal data. In, hacking they intentional deface a website to cause damage or loose to the public or owner and diminish its values. Here last but not least the cyber terrorism is not related to terrorist or its organizations but to threat someone on level of creating fear is also the same.

To conclude, we can say that cyber crimes is a violation of not law but the human rights too and to avoid that all we need is some common sense and logical precautions.

MIGRANT WORKERS-A STORY OF MISMATCH

India always had an internal problem of migrants. The Covid-19 pandemic has only made it look worse. More than 10 crore people are estimated to be migrant workers in India. A vast majority of them have been pushed out from poorer states to more developed ones. With the country going under a lockdown to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus, the migrant workers are in desperation to go back home. The railways on Monday said it has run 468 Shramik Special trains so far, ferrying over 5 lakh migrants. They are but a fraction of those who wish to go home. A small story of migrants and government mismatch. The name of the migrant is Rampukar Pandit, who was found sitting on the Delhi roadside. His home is in Bariarpur in Begusarai, Bihar, which is about 1,200km away from Delhi. He was talking on the phone and was crying uncontrollably on the Nizamuddin Bridge. Pandit worked as a labor in Najafgarh. His journey was cut short, as the Ghaziabad police officers did not allow him to travel any further. Even they cannot be blamed as they were carrying on their duty. Since then, he was stuck under the bridge. He was provided with food by some NGO workers and police officers, and he slept there itself. Conclusion:-government of India has planed to send all the migrants to their native place.but the set of conditions kept by the government has made all the migrants and their employer to get into a dilema .therefore this type of incidents are happening .before two-days of this publication,a women in bihar has died with starving in the sramik express which are running by government of India.she was thrown From the train including with her child.that child,whois n ot at the condition to know what happened to her mom.he kept playing beside her mom.so government should take somany measures to prevent a situation like this.

A helping hand for the migrant workers walking home - Appalling to ...

FULL ACADEMIC FEES?

Corona!Corona!Corona! Well, you know who else is taking full advantage during this pandemic? Of course our government. First I thought the increase in petrol and diesel prices was due to people not abiding by the rules and taking this pandemic lightly and the government has taken a wise step by increasing the prices. And yes! I was wrong…not surprising, right?

-The Education system especially globally is also responsible for making the poor people poorer and the rich people richer. Providing education should be free right? But the government does charge fees. There’s nothing wrong here but during this pandemic instead of getting together and doing everything that they can in the field of education, they charge full fees? Har cheez ki haad hoti hai(everything has its limits).

-Not only the students are being forced to pay full fees but also the teachers are getting 50% or less salary. Why is this happening?

-During this pandemic, more than 10 crore people will be unemployed, out of 5 every 2 employees are facing a cut in the salary(this was found out in a survey) 5. 31% are confident they’ll find a new job soon

How will you manage finances after a job loss?

Read more at:

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/personal-finance-news/covid-impact-2-in-5-employees-are-facing-salary-cuts-finds-survey/articleshow/75502876.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cpps

We cannot expect during this time especially, the government to be so stone hearted instead of showing empathy towards the students and their parents and understanding their burden they still choose to take full fees.

-The FACT is students are attending online classes, teachers teach from home. The major problems faced by students-Even though a middle-class family can afford a laptop for their child what about villages? some institutes don’t start online classes till all the students pay the fees.

2. It has also massively affected productivity and student’s social life and learning. Many students participating in home-learning programs say that the workload of online classes is more than regular classes.

The problems faced by the teachers-Apart from the students’ teachers too face problems of not receiving their salaries for the past few months. For this, the excuse given by the institution is that teachers get paid according to their efforts put in online teaching and terms of no.of video lectures, assignments, etc. The question is if students pay full fees why are the teachers not receiving their full salaries?

2. Resources used by teachers for online classes should be provided by the college. So why is no one talking about this? Because of the fear of failure of classes or any other. Just think this would not only provide full salary to teachers but it will also reduce the burden of our parents and the students too. This would be a great achievement for us so why not?

Some solutions suggested that can help in reducing the tension during this pandemic are-

1. The money that would have been spent on buying the canteen food, photocopy prints, etc can be used to create a welfare fund for teachers and pay their full salary.

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/personal-finance-news/covid-impact-2-in-5-employees-are-facing-salary-cuts-finds-survey/articleshow/75502876.cms

Programming.

Programming is an art and therefore, we are artists. However, we’re not the kind of artists that create purely for beauty. We are functional artists. We have a functional task as well as the duty to write code, because it is effective and thus lasts. Writing elegant code is our job. This helps people find their way to the contents of those articles, just like great code helps people find their way to places they need to enhance.

Programming is understanding a problem well enough to be able to explain it as simple as possible to a machine. Defending code by claiming effectiveness is trying to hide what you don’t understand in that problem.

The expression or application of human creative skill and imagination, typically in a visual form such as painting or sculpture, producing works to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or emotional power.

Most works of art are actually the result of a logical process, of selections of elements that complement each other.

all the light we cannot see

So how, children, does the brain, which lives without a spark of light, build for us a world full of light?” 

–Anthony Doerr, All the Light we Cannot See

World War 2 has been one of the most written about topics. Over the years, we have seen a lot of books, movies and documentaries about it, each more intriguing than the previous. It was a dark moment in our history, and it is obvious why all of us can’t stop reading about it. Just when we thought that we have read it all, fiction and non-fiction, we were proven wrong. In 2014, Anthony Doerr released his “All the Light we cannot see”. This book highlighted how both the sides tried to survive the devastations of the war.It went on to become New York Times Bestseller, and even won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2015.

This book talks about the war, but not just in the way you think. Often times, literature about World War II focuses on its soldiers and leaders. Seldom it is when a book talks about its impact on the common folk. The book shifts between two points of views, one of a blind French girl trying to escape from occupied France, and another of a German boy, who gets recruited at an extremely young age. For Marie-Laure, blind since the age of 6, life hasn’t been easy, with her father as her only support.For Werner, an orphan, initially destined to labour in the mines, life takes a turn when he fixes an old broken radio, and tunes into a a radio show by a Frenchman who awakens a life long interest for science in him. Doerr’s impeccable vocabulary, and the smooth transition from Marie’s life to that of Werners makes it completely worth it to read the book. 

We all know what a difficult time that was. However , after reading about the many trials and tribulations they both had to face at extremely young ages, we come to realise exactly how cruel it was. How it stopped at nothing to take away every possible shred of happiness they possessed. Another theme constantly highlighted throughout the book is family. Both of them eventually lose all their family. This was a detail which couldn’t have been overlooked, as it was crucial to prove to the reader how innocents will always suffer when two sides fight. Doerr perfectly managed to capture the desperation one feels when losing their family, with the incapability of being able to do anything. It tugs at one’s emotional heartstrings, and definitely does the fail to provoke a tear or two.

Doerr’s hauntingly beautiful description of events not only helps you visualise the scene, but also feel the emotions the characters were going through. When Werner wins a spot into the Hitler Youth Academy, his only escape from a life in the coal mines, you can visualise exactly how he must have been feeling, being presented with two options for his future, neither of them better than the other. Both these options will lead to his separation with his only family alive, his sister. You can sense his inner turmoil at this very moment. This book is also a great read for those fond of science. Every page in this 634-page work of art is bewitching. This is one book you won’t be able to put down.

SOCIAL MEDIA

Advancement in technology led to the emergence of social media platforms. It has facilitated sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression. Communication can be done at a faster pace as people living far away are linked to each other through social media platforms and it takes hardly a few seconds to connect to anyone around the globe.

SOCIAL MEDIA CONTRIBUTION TO SOCIETY:

  1. A boon in crisis
  2. Aid for solving crimes
  3. Form of political influence
  4. Revolution in brand making
  5. Curbs distance

SOCIAL IMPACTS:

  1. Disparity
  2. Political polarization
  3. Physical and mental health
  4. Stereotyping
  5. Sleep disturbances
  6. Adolescents
  7. Effects on youth communication
  8. Changes in mood

POSITIVE SIDES OF SOCIAL MEDIA

  1. We can keep in touch with friends in today’s busy world.
  2. We can improve ourselves by sharing our ideas, information and knowledge with those, who have same interests, even if they are so many miles away from us.
  3. Teachers and professors are making groups on SNS to extend classroom discussion, to post assignments, tests & quizzes and to assist students with homework.
  4. Many companies are developing interactive communities that connect individuals to share business needs & experiences.
  5. Students are connecting with employers via LinkedIn kind of SNS for job opportunities and internships.
  6. We can find our friends easily, if we lost contact.
  7. Generally social networking sites have a positive atmosphere. For example, Facebook doesn’t send notification, if someone is removed as a friend. So there is a least chance for the person to know that.

NEGATIVE SIDES:

  1. People are increasingly comparing their lives with others that are projecting their life as perfect. This decreases happiness levels and also can lead to self-esteem issues.
  2. Privacy is a big drawback of SMS. Some people are using other person’s personal information for malicious intentions.
  3. Addiction is another big drawback of SMS.
  4. Lot of SMS users are preferring online conversation rather than face-to-face. It’ll effect communication skills, relationships and even mental health.
  5. There is a high risk for children and teenagers from cyber stalking.
  6. Gossips and rumors spread soon.
  7. Spending in front of computer for long hours creates many health problems.

Advantages for Teenagers:

a)      Comfortable way of communication for shy teens. This can boost their self-esteem and confidence.

b)      Social media gives teens with unusual interest and hobbies a place to share information and enthusiasm.

c)      Social media helps them to enrich and manage their social lives.

d)      Teens who are differently able and have other challenges can communicate with other teens with similar problems.

 Disadvantages for Teenagers:

a)      Online bullying and harassment which is also known as Cyber-bullying may be the biggest danger for teens.

b)      Online predators, it is basically an online sex crime against minors.

c)      Less interaction with friends and family.

Advantages for students:

a)      Students can produce and retain information.

b)      Social media offers lots of opportunities for learning and interaction.

c)      Students are getting to explore and experience the world not only by books and assignments; but also by adapting social media.

d)      In today’s world; contacts, networks and communications are very important; students who are accessing Facebook, twitter and other such social networking site to connect and share information have good contacts.

        Disadvantages for students:

a)      Social media can be a very distracting and harmful for students.

b)      Students share personal information, comment on someone’s post which may be harmful for them.

c)      Always glued with their mobiles, tablets, computer which is a wastage of time and may spoil their performance.

Why Being So Dramatic?

The drama which you like, I like and which we like to enjoy. It doesn’t matter of the fact that either you are the audience or I being the “performer “or vice-versa. So what is drama? A dramatic movie that insists on some kind of happy ending starting with some sort of pathetic things. The answer to this is an absolute no. Drama in movies is an imaginary situation that we people often created or imagine in our minds even though we are busy or not. What drama means is probably the problems you suffer, I suffer or the rest of the people suffer in their respective life.

Did you notice above that I called our life problem as drama? Strange though and funny too. Exactly what people think of someone’s life problems. The imaginary situations in the movies are being related by we people in real life. Although we know that those imaginary situations are just a fake world. We still begin to imagine those situations in a little more creative ways like you are the hero and people with opinions becomes villains’ in that kind of act. And those are the ones which are called an audience.

Someone has nicely said, “If our fingers are not likely the same as another one then how can we expect someone just the same as we are.” You are different from your beliefs and I am different from my own beliefs. It’s just that you are not me and I am not you. Although we have some similar problems still the way we handle those problems are completely different. Similarly, whatever you do is your own decision and let the drama of your life which means dramatic people, dramatic audience, dramatic opinions, and the dramatic villains throw out of your life just like we ignore the crew names that are being presented at the end of the movie.

There are just two motivations to do anything throughout everyday life: an) on the grounds that it feels better, or b) since it’s something you accept to be acceptable or right. At times these two reasons adjust. Something feels better AND is the proper activity and that is simply screwing phenomenal. We should set up a gathering and eat cake.

But to note that sometimes that crew members are the ones behind the successful movie. That means if the audience or dramatic audience will no longer in your life than the success will be like the water without any taste and color. Hence, dramatic ones will push you forward and will help you to find your success but someday will bring you down too. You need to be careful and strong with a never-ending attitude.

“Who you are is defined by what you’re willing to struggle for.”
― Mark Manson

ONLINE EDUCATION- BOON OR FORFEIT?

WHAT IS ONLINE EDUCATION?

Online education is a flexible instructional delivery system that encompasses any kind of learning that takes place via the Internet. Online learning gives educators an opportunity to reach students who may not be able to enroll in a traditional classroom course and supports students who need to work on their own schedule and at their own pace.

The quantity of distance learning and online degrees in most disciplines is large and increasing rapidly. Schools and institutions that offer online learning are also

Online education is a flexible instructional delivery system that encompasses any kind of learning that takes place via the Internet. Online learning gives educators an opportunity to reach students who may not be able to enroll in a traditional classroom course and supports students who need to work on their own schedule and at their own pace.

The quantity of distance learning and online degrees in most disciplines is large and increasing rapidly. Schools and institutions that offer online learning are also increasing in number. Students pursuing degrees via the online approach must be selective to ensure that their coursework is done through a respected and credentialed institution.

REASON FOR CONSIDERING ONLINE EDUCATION:

Online education has become a viable and exciting method for instructional delivery in the global business society that runs on a 24/7 schedule (24 hours a day/7 days a week) because it provides students with great flexibility.With the increased availability of the Internet and computer technology, students are able to access information anytime and anyplace that would normally be available only through a traditional classroom. Studies have shown that students learn just as effectively in an online classroom as they do in the traditional classroom.

PROS AND CONS WITH OPNLINE LEARNING:

Online education offers many positive benefits since student s:

  1. have flexibility in taking classes and working at their own pace and time
  2. face no commuting or parking hassles
  3. learn to become responsible for their own education with information available at their fingertips
  4. find the submission of assignments easy and convenient
  5. are more apt to voice their own opinions and share and debate issues with other students, as well as learn from other students during the group discussions

Possible negative effects of learning online are that some students:

  1. may miss the face-to-face interaction with the instructor and among students
  2. may prefer to attend traditional classes with an instructor who teaches and guides them through the course
  3. find access to the necessary technology challenging and the availability of technical support limited

In addition, some administrators and instructors who do not understand the workload may display a negative attitude toward online education.

FUTURE WITH ONLINE CLASSES:

Online teaching is here to stay. Many students prefer the online classroom since it offers flexibility in their busy schedules. With the proliferation of information and knowledge, students must become lifelong learners in today’s world, and online education plays an important role in helping individuals access the learner-centered and self-directed instruction.

With enhanced software, hardware, and Internet access, more options for online education will become available. With student enrollments increasing faster than classrooms can be built, students becoming more proficient with technology, and students pursuing an education that meets their needs, the future of online education will continue to grow. Online degree programs will become more widely accepted as they become a more common practice.

CONCLUSION:

Online classes are an alternative during this pandemic. But this should not be continued for the future. Else, it will be a forfeit for every student.