Soniya Yadav

Lecturer, N. K. B. M. G. (P.G.) College Chandausi.

Abstract:

The main aim of the current study is to examine the student’s attitude towards clothing behaviour.  As fashion and trends change, students become more concern with how they look and how they are perceived than they do with their academic success and achievement. The fashions of different pattern of clothes contribute to behaviour problem and safety issues in the classrooms and in the hallway of college. Students’ behavior reflected in the manner in which they present themselves. In recent years, college campus has experienced violence. In many college administration mindful of their responsibility to provide safe environment for student, have implemented policies specifying dress codes or the wearing of uniforms. So the analysis of data on 200 students in Bareilly city. In this study, majority of student have positive attitude towards clothing behavior. Students which study in professional courses have different attitude towards clothing in comparison to those students which study in general courses and find out that gender and family status is not effect students clothing behavior.

Shivani Agarwal,

Assistant Professor, Deptt. Of Social Work, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad.

 

Women in our society have so far enjoyed a secondary status and the economic dependence of women upon men is one of the primary reasons which has pushed them into the background and resulted into their secondary status both within and outside the family. In spite of the fact that the women have proved their mettle in every walk of life, their contribution is not given due credit in most cases. In India women constitute nearly half of the total population and they play a vital role in forming 50% of India’s GDP (NCEUS 2008) through their unrecognized contribution in the Rural & Urban economy. Of the 400 million people working in the unorganized sector, 120 million are women. Thus, the present paper is an attempt to highlight the increased vulnerability of women in the unorganized sector and bringing to front a critical analysis of how the regulations are restrained from creating a violence free workplace in a sector that is scattered and fragmented. There are number of provisions brought in through policies and legislations by the government which is further objectified through the five year plans. However, certain loopholes and gaps in the theoretical and the practical perspective restrict it from “Make it Happen”. Therefore, the paper will basically emphasize on the security provisions for prevention etc in the workplaces in unorganized sector and public places.

Key Words: Legislations, Prevention, Security, Unorganized Sector, Workplace.

Dr. Mani Joshi

Assistant Professor (B.Ed.)

D.A.K. P.G. College, Moradabad

Universities are the ‘light house’ of the society and teachers are ‘torch bearers’ to bring social change. Every year girls do better than boys in science and arts in the class X and XII examination. Majority of the top achievers are girls. There are several reasons which indicate that they used to make pragmatic choices about their future because they were conditioned to believe that marriage and family come first. But now in India great concern is being shown regarding career for them in different spheres nurturing their talent by providing various options.

To empower women, it is necessary that they should have control over decisions which affect their lives. Through empowerment they can control their resources as knowledge, information and financial resources. This can lead them to become stake holder among the human capital and their presence in the society will be accepted.

Women are under-represented in science, mathematics and engineering fields and are an under-utilized pool of talent and resource as they comprise more than half of the population of any society and could contribute towards the social and economic development of societies through participation in science and technology programmes.  The study done in INSA (Indian National Science Academy) revealed dissatisfaction of most respondents regarding professional growth and career advancement due to lack of time, household responsibilities, ill-health and lack of encouragement from the organizations. The study suggested that remedial measures should be taken to improve women’s participation need to become priority in policy making.

Some barriers which prevent women’s participation in decision making are limited access to higher education, discriminatory appointment and promotion practices, dual stresses of family and professional roles, family attitudes, career interruptions, alienation from the male culture and continued resistance to women in management / higher positions, inadequate policies and legislation to ensure the participation of women.

To empower the women in higher education they should be given equal representation, their unique perceptions and strength should be properly utilized, they should be allowed to participate in policy-making and decision making, women friendly policies should be formulated, selection committees should be sensitized for non-sexist interviewing, there should be relaxation on their age-limit and length of experience and a directory of qualified women should be kept.

According to Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, gender discrimination can be minimized if due importance is given to physiological, social, safety, self-esteem and self-actualization of women.

Women can empower themselves in higher education by developing effective networks of information and influence, acquiring personal skills needed to be effective, find ways to make a difference, be prepared to challenge the accepted wisdom, maintain healthy balance between work and personal life, having a desire to excel, appreciating without being critical, enjoying the job which they do and keep on learning.

The pathway to higher education can empower women in following ways:

Economic development and prosperity: Education will empower women to come forward and contribute towards the development and prosperity of the country.

Economic empowerment: So long as women remain backward and economically dependent on men, the helpless condition of them cannot be changed. Economic empowerment and independence will only come through proper education and employment of women.

Improved life: In our country, girls wait for marriage and after marriage they lose their entities. Their rights are trodden down, sometimes situation becomes insulting. If we do not take a broad outlook in the field of female education, the situation will be worse.

Dignity and honor: Educated women are now looked upon with dignity and honor. They become a source of inspiration for millions of young girls who make them their role-models.

Justice: Educated women are more informed of their rights for justice. It would eventually lead to decline in instances of violence and injustice against women such as dowry, forced-prostitution, child-marriage, female foeticide, etc.

Choice to choose a profession of her choice: Educated women can be highly successful in the fields of life. A girl-child should get equal opportunity for education, so that, she may choose a profession of her choice.

Alleviate poverty: Women education is a pre-requisite to alleviate poverty. Women need to take equal burden of the massive task of eliminating poverty. This would demand massive contribution from educated women. There cannot be much social and economic changes unless girls and women are given their rights for education.

Conclusion: Until the middle of nineteenth century, girls and women were educated only for traditional household works. Now, the society is witnessing changes in the role-status of women. There is greater emphasis on education of girls and women in the same way as we educate boys and men. The modern day parents want to fulfill the aspiration of their children without gender disparity.

The educated women should insist on exercising their civil, social, political and economic rights. This will help improve the overall condition of women in the society. We can hope for better days while all women of our country will be enlightened and educated.

References

• George, P.A. : Enlightenment of Women and Social Change
• Kelly, G.P. & Slaughter, S. : Women’s Higher Education in Comparative Perspective
• Parida, Subhash C. : Empowerment of Women in India

Dr. Shivali Singh

Assistant Professor, Department of English, SOS, IFTM University, Moradabad

 Ms. Shipra Singh

Assistant Professor, Department of English, SOS, IFTM University, Moradabad

 

Abstract

Shobhaa De, a modern novelist, renowned for portraying the sexual mania of the commercial world in a very frank and straight forward way, shot into literary limelight by writing her first novel, Socialite Evenings which is lawrentian in expression. She, a journalist since 1970, founder and editor of three famous publications Stardust, Society and Celebrity and consulting editor to Sunday and Megacity discards the early image of woman- a silent, an incarnation of patience and endurance in Indian English novel and creates an image of new woman, an assimilation of western influences and her native culture. She is the author of twelve books. Her works generally start with the letter ‘S’. The woman in her fiction is go-getting, lustful, power hungry and bold. In spite of having all kinds of cataclysms, her woman character is able to balance herself among diverse spheres of the life. Her modern women do not have moral and spiritual advocate for camaraderie. They are more prone to personal freedom and glamour. Through her characters she reveals the existence of glamour and modernity at the core. The objective of the present paper is to delineate the image of marginalized, dominated, defiant, unconventional and boundless new woman.

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Dr. Nikhil Ranjan Agarwal, Dr. Sarika Khanna, Dr. Ankita Agarwal,

Wilsonia Degree College, Moradabad

Abstract

From ancient to modern period, women’s condition socially, politically and economically has not remained same and it kept changing with times. In ancient India, women were having equal status with men. Women empowerment in simple words can be understood as giving power to women to decide for their own lives or inculcating such abilities in them so that they could be able to find their rightful place in the society. India is now a leading country in the field of women education. History of India is never blank of brave women and philosophers women All the famous women historical women in India are inspiration for the women of this age. We never forget their contribution to the society and country.  This study was designed to assess the status & factors that affect the performance of women empowerment in India. The appearance & enhancement of women empowerment depends various factors such on socio-economic, political, cultural & psychological. Female education in India has been an urgent need of the new era because women are first teacher of their teacher and future of the child depends on the love and care of the mother means a woman. A woman performs the role of many characters through-out her life such as a daughter, sister, wife and mother.  Extensive illiteracy, lack of basic education, training and experience remain serious obstacles in women’s empowerment. In conclusion, it can be said that women in India, through their own unrelenting effort and with the help of Constitutional and other legal provisions and also with the aid of Government’s various welfare schemes, are trying to find their own place under the sum.

Geet Chawla

Lecturer, S.R.S.M.M., Rohilkhand University, Bareilly

             Women play a major role in a country’s political, social cultural, educational and economic development. Empowering or entrusting power upon them means allowing and accepting their full participation in all realms of life for better families, society and nation. But the scene has not always been the same. In ancient times, women enjoyed equal status and respect in the society. Vedas are proof to the fact that women were scholars and sages, and enjoyed power and equal status in the vedic age. However, the Brahmanic age saw a setback in the status of women, which further deteriorated during the Muslim rule. Evil practices and discrimination were seen in the form of purdah system, sati, child marriage, denial of education to girls, besides many others. Again, female  inferiority was preached during the British rule. But with the dawn of freedom, an urgent need for feminine emancipation was felt. It was established that without the support  and strength of women folk, political, economic, domestic and educational upliftment of the country was not possible. Therefore educating women became one of the priorities of free India.

            As Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru put it ‘If you educate a man, you educate a individual, however if you educate a woman, you educate a whole family. Women empowered means mother India empowered’. Education is one of the most important means of empowering women with knowledge, skills and self confidence. This holds special significance for women as it brings about a positive influence upon families and generations. It helps eradicate poverty, health problems, rigid views and positively improves the family atmosphere. Educating women also helps in spreading across the message of smaller families, healthy habits, equal status and justice. Thus the impact can be seen in the form of economic growth, peace, good nutrition and reduction in mortality rate. Education also plays a crucial role in helping the women to make personal achievements and build a career to the best of their skills and capacities.

            Education also helps in bringing down atrocities against women as they have the strength and knowledge to fight for justice and their rights.

            Women were earlier confined to playing roles of child rearing, teaching children, maintain households, carry out family chores etc. But the newer policies and directions of government have created their space in various fields such as business, banking, education, industry and defence. The government has played a significant role in providing education to women. Ever since independence, the strategies of the Government have been to provide social development, economic empowerment  and gender justice. These are kept in mind while formulating the five year plans. It has focussed on various areas that may facilitate empowerment such as self employment, vocationalisation, reservation in tution fees and studies and special quota in jobs, social security, legal protection and professional training.

            For educating girls 2180 residential Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Schools have been sanctioned and are providing elementary education to 1,82,000 school girls. The National Policy on Education 1986 triggered the Mahila Samakhya programme which aimed at women empowerment. Operation Blackboard, national policy on education, navodaya and Kendriya Vidyalaya are efforts of the government to provide free education to the girl child. The efforts since then have shown a tremendous increase in the literacy rate all over the country ever since. For vocational training, community polytechnic, shramik Vidyaiths etc. are set up. The UGC encourages institutions to take up research projects in the area of women’s studies by providing necessary funds. Women’s studies centres are set up in various universities and colleges.

            A greater focus has been given to issues  relating to women through creation of an independent ministry of women and child development. Special welfare schemes for women’s welfare have been rising every year. It is ensured that 33% of the beneficiaries of all government schemes are women and girl children.

            The 73rd amendment in our constitution ensures reservation of not less than one third of seats in the panchayat. The womens reservation Bill  2010 also aims in giving more political space for women and allows them to actively participate in the process.

            As per the world bank Report Women accounted for 94% of total employment in dairy sector, 51% in forest based small scale industries and 48% in the agriculture sector. This does ensure that empowerment of women and financial independence is on the rise. Even within the defence forces, all women officers can hold ranks and the short service commission tenure has been increased.

            Swashakti, Swayamsiddha, Swawlamban, STEP, construction of womens hostels, rehabilitation centres, counseling cells, Women technical training institutes, Mahilla Samridhi Yojna, Indra Mahila Yojna, Rashtriya Mahila Kosh are a few of the many schemes monitored by Government to facilitate empowerment of women.

            Now that women have regained their status and glory, their contribution can be seen in all areas. The success stories around us, make us to believe that women are gaining the right to take decisions. Their role in all the sectors is visible and their participation in the countries economic, social cultural educational development can be felt.

References :

1. Chhaya Goel and Devraj Goel, Woman Empowerment in India : Stereotyping and Modernity, University News (Vol. 52, No. 25) June 23-29, 2014.
2. Arundhati Chattopadhyay, Women’s Empowerment Across Indian States, Yojana, June 2012.
3. R.K. Rao (2001) Women and Education, Kalpaz Publications, Delhi.
4. http://zenithresearch.org.in.

Soniya Yadav

Research Scholar, N.K.B.M.G. (P.G.) College Chandusi

Abstract: Women education is a big opportunity for India to be developed socially and economically. Educated women are the weapon who yield positive impact on the Indian society through their contribution at home and professional fields. They are the reason of improved economy in the country as well as society. An educated woman has capability to handle her home and professional life. They can effectively contribute in controlling the population of India as they would like to marry at a later age in comparison to the uneducated woman.  Women should be given equal opportunity in education like men and they should not be isolated from any development activities. Women covers almost half population of the country means if women are uneducated the half country is uneducated which bring poor socio-economic condition. Through the women education the social and economic development will be faster in India. To spread the importance and improve the level of women education all over the country, countrywide national propaganda and awareness programmes are very necessary. An educated woman can educate her whole family and thus whole country. Bringham Young also said about women education – ” You educate a men ; you educate a men. You educate a women; you educate a generation. “

 Dr. Bhumika Bansal

Asst. Prof. RDKM, Sector-61, Noida, Uttar pradesh

Abstract

This study attempts to assess the psychological stress and its relationship with achievement among senior secondary science students of Jawahar Navodaya Vidhayalayas. A sample of students was randomly selected from different Jawahar Navodaya Vidhayalayas in Ghaziabad. They were administered Psychological Stress Scale for Science Students developed by researchers themselves which measures 12 dimensions of psychological stress. Results show that the examination and achievement have been emerged as the major factor causing stress, while  health as the least causing factor for stress. Negative and significant correlation with achievement was observed for all dimensions of psychological stress except science teachers and society.