As you know, our Constitution is borrowed from the Constitutions of almost every country, but the Constitution of India has some characteristics that are different from those of other countries.

The Indian Constitution has the following characteristics.

1) Quoted from various sources- Our Constitution is borrowed from the Constitutions of various countries and the 1935 Indian Governance Act. The principles of the basic rights and guidelines of national politics come from the Constitution of the United States or Ireland, and the structural part of the Constitution of India comes from the Constitution of India in 1935. Thus, other parts of the Constitution are derived from the Constitution of the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Russia, Australia, France and so on.

2) The Longest Constitution- The Constitution of India is the Constitution of the World and is a very long and painstaking detail document as it contains the preamble, 490 articles and 12 appendices (now).

3) Parliamentary Government- The parliamentary system is based on the relationship between the executive branch and the legislature. Also known as the West Minister Government Model. In a parliamentary government, the head of government is the prime minister. As we know, the Indian parliamentary system is based on the British parliamentary system, but there are still some differences between the two. For example, India’s parliamentary system is not a sovereign body like the British Parliament.

4) Mixing stiffness and flexibility -,The Indian Constitution is neither rigid nor flexible, but a combination of both.

5) Unified Biased Federal System- The Constitution of India has all the usual functions of the Federation, including two governments, separation of powers, the Constitution, constitutional superiority, an independent judicial system, and a two-chamber system. Therefore, it has a federal government system.

6. Integrated and Independent Judiciary -The Constitution of India has an independent and integrated judiciary. The Supreme Court of India is at the forefront of the country’s integrated judicial system.

Articles 74 and 75 of the Constitution of India deal centrally with the Parliamentary Government. Parliamentary government is also known as the Cabinet Office or Westminster Government model. The parliamentary system is a responsible form of government due to the relationship between the legislature and the executive branch, and the head of government is the prime minister. The basis of political power is the head of state, and the power of the head of state is completely nominal. In this form of government, the head of state is either a monarch or a president. The real power is actually in the executive branch and is exercised by the prime minister. The executive branch is headed by the prime minister, and the cabinet has voted no confidence. The administration is responsible for the parliament. The parliamentary system does not set deadlines for the cabinet and parliament.

Characteristics of the parliamentary system-

The parliamentary government has the following characteristics.

1) Party rule is the majority -In a parliamentary government, party rule is the majority. Sabha’s electoral government, and its party leaders, are appointed prime minister by the president.

2) Real Administrative Officer and Nominal Prime Minister -Since the real administrative officer is the Prime Minister and the nominal administrative officer is the President, the President is the Head of State and the Prime Minister is the Head of Government.

3) Prime Minister’s Leadership- In a parliamentary government, the Prime Minister plays a leading role. The prime minister is the head of government, the head of the Council of Ministers, and the leader of political parties.

4) Collective Accountability -The Council of Ministers is collectively accountable to Lok Sabha and Parliament. The Council of Ministers works as a team, swimming and sinking together. Lok Sabha can dismiss the Council of Ministers.

5) Secrecy-The Council of Ministers operates in accordance with the principles of procedural secrecy and, after taking office, takes a secret oath. A secret oath to the Council of Ministers is made by the President.

The revolt of 1857,in northern and relevant India become a chief revolt withinside the records of india towards the guideline of thumb of British east India company.The cumulative impact of British guidelines,Taxes, administrative Norms,policies and rules had adversely affected the all sections of the society like zamindars,peasants,artisans,sepoys,investors and the rulers of indian kingdom.The revolt started out at Meerut,on 10 may 1857,after that it unfold throughout northern kingdom of india.

The 1857 Revolt:Major causes

1.Economic Causes:The guidelines of British east India corporation had destroyed the economic system of the indian society.They(British east India corporation)had include lot of Revenue settlements like Ryotwari agreement,Mahalwari agreement,Permanent agreement (got here in 1793),In all the agreement east India company had placed heavy taxation,to accumulate those taxes many moneylenders and investors are employed at usurious rates,every now and then peasants can’t set up the taxes to pay in order that they take mortgage from moneylenders.Even every now and then they’re now no longer capable of supply taxes.These troubles can break the Indian agriculture.Britishers additionally placed heavy taxation on trade.

2.Political causes-British east India corporation had put in force such guidelines that can without delay impact the political device of india like,’Effective control),’Subsidiary alliance’,and ‘Doctrine of lapse’,the hindu and Muslim prince don’t have any right to appoint their youngsters as prince,the right of succession has denied to them.British east India has humiliate the Mughals and prince’s.

3.Administrative causes-There are lot of corruption withinside the management of British east India corporation specially amongst police, petty officers and decrease regulation courts.

4.Socio-Religious causes-Britishers idea that they’re superiors and indians are inferiors.Britishers try and sell Christianity and abolish different religion.They abolish the sati,guide to widow-Marriage and women’s education,however indians idea they interfare withinside the social and spiritual domain names of the indian society.

Suppression of the riot-The riot become suppressed as Britishers began out shooting every chief and imprisoned to death,as Bahadur shah become taken prisoner and royal prince’s have been captured and publicly shot at factor clean variety with the aid of using lieutenant Hudson himself.So separately all political leaders of India become died and with the aid of using the stop of 1859 Britishers authority over india become re-established.

Why the riot failed-

There are many motives due to which riot of 1857 become now no longer a hit and which can be as follows-

1)All classes did now no longer be a part of the revolt example massive zamindars,egocentric to the middle and afraid of British may refused to enroll in it.

2)Poor hands and equipment-The indian squaddies have bad hands for preventing only a few weapons and muskets.

3)All India participation become absent-Most of the eastern and western india did now no longer take part in revolt.

4)Poorly organised and uncoordinated-The riot become poorly organised and there’s absence of coordination and relevant leadership.